High frequency spontaneous production of doubled haploid plants in microspore cultures of Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis

Gu, Honghui; Zhou, Weijun; Hagberg, P.

doi:10.1023/b:euph.0000004945.01455.6d

Cited by 61 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The frequency of haploid production was usually less than a few percent of the melon ovules cultured in vitro, although frequency was influenced by season and genotypes (Sauton 1988;Ficcadenti et al 1995) with the best results obtained in summer. Most of plants recovered from gynogenesis were haploid, in contrast to DH plants in other species (see Antoine Michard and Beckert 1997;Gu, Zhou, and Hagberg 2003). Melon haploids are sterile, and chromosome doubling must be induced to obtain fertile homozygous lines.…”

Section: Melon (Cucumis Melo)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae; Cucumis spp., Cucurbita spp., Citrullus spp.)

Lebeda¹,

Widrlechner²,

Staub³

et al. 2006

Genetic Resources Chromosome Engineering &Amp; Crop Improvement

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Section: Melon (Cucumis Melo)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae; Cucumis spp., Cucurbita spp., Citrullus spp.)

Lebeda¹,

Widrlechner²,

Staub³

et al. 2006

Genetic Resources Chromosome Engineering &Amp; Crop Improvement

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“…Today, B. rapa is mainly grown as a spring oilseed crop in Canada, in some marginal regions in Northern Europe, and in Asia (Gu et al 2003;Zhang et al 2004). Traditionally, winter B. rapa was also grown as an oilseed crop in Northern and Central Europe, but the cultivation nearly ceased.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of crop improvement on genetic diversity in oilseedBrassica rapa (turnip-rape) cultivars, detected by SSR markers

2008

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With the improvement of seed quality, Brassica rapa oilseed germplasm went through 2 major breeding bottlenecks during the introgression of genes for zero erucic acid content and low glucosinolate content, respectively. This study investigates the impact of these bottlenecks on the genetic diversity in European winter B. rapa by comparing 3 open-pollinated cultivars, each representing a different breeding period. Diversity was estimated on 32 plants per cultivar, with 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers covering each of the B. rapa linkage groups. There was no significant loss of genetic diversity over the 3 cultivars as indicated by allele number (ranging from 59 to 55), mean allele number (from 3.68 to 3.50), Shannon information index (from 0.94 to 0.87) and expected heterozygosity (from 0.53 to 0.48). About 83% of the total variation was attributed to within-cultivar variation, and the remaining 17% to between-cultivar variation by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). Individual plants were separated into the 3 cultivars by principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). In conclusion, genetic diversity within cultivars was high and quality breeding in B. rapa did not significantly reduce the genetic diversity of B. rapa winter cultivars, so there is no risk of decline in performance due to quality improvement.

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“…Self-compatible material has been identified in spring turnip rape (Hutcheson et al, 1981) and in other forms of B. rapa but has yet to be transferred to winter turnip rape. Doubled haploid (DH) production by microspore culture is routine in oilseed rape and is harder but possible in turnip rape (Dewan et al, 1998;Gu et al, 2003). The self-incompatibility of turnip rape makes it difficult to maintain the doubled-haploid lines by the necessary self-pollination, although procedures are available involving such intervention as high CO 2 treatment (Ferrie, 2003).…”

Section: Improvement Of the Cropmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revitalizing the winter turnip rape crop in the northern latitudes

Mäkelä

Tuulos

Turakainen

et al. 2011

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil & Plant Sc

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Winter turnip rape (Brassica rapa spp. oleifera) is an underutilized crop that deserves to be revitalized for use in high-latitude agriculture. Many crop rotations around the world are dependent on the small-grain cereals, and turnip rape as a break crop, with its range of secondary chemicals, helps to suppress weeds, nematodes and pathogenic fungi. It may be used as an energy crop, it can restrict erosion and nutrient leaching while also improving soil structure and fertility, and it requires relatively low inputs. Although winter turnip rape was once the major oil crop in Finland, in the 1970s it was replaced by spring turnip rape, the lower erucic acid and glucosinolate contents of which made it suitable for food and feed uses. Winter hardiness of the crop could be improved, and industrial end uses, such as lubricants for which high erucic acid content is preferred, targeted in the first instance. Breeding progress would be accelerated by a change from the predominantly selfincompatible breeding system to self-compatibility, now available in modern germplasm, and this would allow use of other rapid breeding methods, such as doubled haploidy. Thus, the many advantages of the winter turnip rape crop would repay its return to agriculture. In this review we will introduce the many utilization possibilities of the crop as well as give background on why more attention and research efforts should be paid towards this crop. We will also indicate some of the array of factors that have a marked role in an attempt to ecologically intensify crop production.

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High frequency spontaneous production of doubled haploid plants in microspore cultures of Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis

Cited by 61 publications

References 23 publications

Cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae; Cucumis spp., Cucurbita spp., Citrullus spp.)

Cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae; Cucumis spp., Cucurbita spp., Citrullus spp.)

Effect of crop improvement on genetic diversity in oilseedBrassica rapa (turnip-rape) cultivars, detected by SSR markers

Revitalizing the winter turnip rape crop in the northern latitudes

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