High gain broadband stacked triangular microstrip antennas

Abstract

A low cost, broadband, and high gain stacked equilateral triangular microstrip antenna (ETMSA) is designed to cover the frequency band from 1700 to 2600 MHz with low cross polar level (X‐pol). The antenna consists of a metallic ETMSA at the bottom layer and three parasitically coupled ETMSAs (1B3T) are printed symmetrically on the bottom side of the top FR‐4 substrate layer, which is supported by foam inserted between the top and bottom layers. The bottom patch is shorted by a metallic via at its center. It improves the X‐pol in upper frequency band. The 1B3T ETMSA is further enclosed in a metallic cavity to improve the gain and front to back ratio (F/B). The fabricated 1B3T ETMSA provides 42.2% BW with peak gain of 10.8 dBi, F/B of more than 15.8 dB and X‐pol of less than −13.6 dB throughout the BW. The proposed antenna can be used for RF energy harvesting in 2G, 3G, 4G, and Wi‐Fi frequency bands.

Multi-Resonator Variations of Circular Microstrip Antenna With Narrow Annular Sectoral Patches for Wideband Response

“…Similarly, although compact configurations with respect to the substrate thickness are reported in [12,14,15,19], the BW achieved is smaller. The stacked gap-coupled triangular and elliptical patches discussed in [25,26] exhibit similar BW to the proposed design but have improved gain performances due to cavity backed design. However, this cavity-backed approach increases the design complexity.…”

“…The planar configuration using a circular MSA (CMSA) gap-coupled with parasitic circular patches [6] exhibited less BW due to the curved circumference of the CMSA. Also, the gap-coupled configurations [11,13,18,25] occupied larger area as the parasitic patch dimensions were comparable with that of the fed patch. Hence, the space around the fed MSA should be utilized in such a way that maximum coupling takes place between the fed and parasitic patches, resulting in an optimum BW without much increase in the overall patch size.…”

“…On the other hand, gap-coupled configurations are simpler and also result in increased gain due to larger aperture size. Additional patches can be incorporated on the same plane as that of the fed patch (planar multi resonator configurations) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], or they can be placed above the fed patch (stacked configurations) [24][25][26][27][28][29]. In comparison with the planar configurations, stacked configurations result in an increased cross polarization radiation due to the volume enhancement in terms of total substrate thickness.…”

Wideband designs of proximity fed isosceles triangular microstrip antennas gap‐coupled with parasitic pairs of sectoral patches

“…On thinner substrate, gap‐coupled configuration of sectoral patches or hybrid gap‐coupled design of the rectangular patches is reported 14–16 . An enhancement in the MSA BW and gain together is realized by using gap‐coupled stacked configuration of the individual patches 17–19 . Here, due to the patches in the planar and stacked layer, antenna volume increases.…”

“…[14][15][16] An enhancement in the MSA BW and gain together is realized by using gap-coupled stacked configuration of the individual patches. [17][18][19] Here, due to the patches in the planar and stacked layer, antenna volume increases. A technique to increase the antenna BW supported with harmonic mode suppression is reported in.…”