High intensity interval training in the heat enhances exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, but prevents protein oxidation in physically active men

Abstract

Aim. The purpose of this study was to determine the response of circulating markers of lipid and protein oxidation following an incremental test to exhaustion before and after 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training performed in the heat. Methods. To address this question, 16 physically active men (age = 23 ± 2 years; body mass = 73 ± 12 kg; height = 173 ± 6 cm; % body fat = 12.5 ± 6 %; body mass index = 24 ± 4 kg/m2) were allocated into 2 groups: control group (n = 8) performing high-intensity interval training at 22°C, 55% relative humidity and heat group (n = 8) training under 35°C, 55% relative humidity. Both groups performed high-intensity interval training 3 times per week for 4 consecutive weeks, accumulating a total of 12 training sessions. Before and after the completion of 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training, participants performed an incremental cycling test until exhaustion under temperate environment (22°C, 55% relative humidity) where blood samples were collected after the test for determination of exercise-induced changes in oxidative damage biomarkers (thiobarbituric acid reactive species and protein carbonyls). Results. When high-intensity interval training was performed under control conditions, there was an increase in protein carbonyls (p < 0.05) following the incremental test to exhaustion with no changes in thiobarbituric acid reactive species. Conversely, high-intensity interval training performed in high environmental temperature enhanced the incremental exercise-induced increases in thiobarbituric acid reactive species (p < 0.05) with no changes in protein carbonyls. Conclusion. In conclusion, 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training performed in the heat enhances exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, but prevents protein oxidation following a maximal incremental exercise in healthy active men.

Impact of Hot Environment on Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance, Renal Damage, Hemolysis, and Immune Activation Postmarathon

“…In contrast with our study, after 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training, we observed an increase in protein carbonyls with no changes in TBARs induced by exercise in TE and an increase in TBARs with no changes in protein carbonyls in HE [ 40 ].…”

High-Intensity Interval Training Is Associated With Alterations in Blood Biomarkers Related to Brain Injury

“…In the current study, the inflammatory chemokine MCP-1, the oxidative marker PRDX-6, and vascular endothelial indices MMP-9 and vWF were significantly elevated immediately after exercise. This is in agreement with previous HIIT studies that have found acute elevations in indices of each of the aforementioned categories: inflammation, endothelial vascular activation, and oxidative stress ( Leggate et al, 2010 ; Wahl et al, 2014 ; Zwetsloot et al, 2014 ; Wadley et al, 2015 ; Souza-Silva et al, 2016 ). While PRDX-6 has not previously been evaluated in HIIT, increased protein expression of thioredoxin has been observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after low intensity interval training ( Wadley et al, 2015 ).…”

“…That we found no difference in the acute response of MCP-1 at session 1 vs. session 6 is in agreement with the findings of Zwetsloot et al (2014) using a similar HIIT protocol, over the same time frame. Furthermore, while there have been no other assessments of PRDX-6, MMP-9, and vWF in response to multiple HIIT training bouts, a previous study found that a 4-week HIIT training protocol in elevated temperatures was associated with increased lipid peroxidation and decreased protein oxidation in response to an acute bout of maximal intensity exercise ( Souza-Silva et al, 2016 ). In addition, a previous study using cardiac transplant patients found that 8 weeks of HIIT training significantly improved endothelial function and was associated with lower resting levels of pro-atrial natriuretic peptide and C-reactive protein (also an index of inflammation) ( Hermann et al, 2011 ).…”

Osmolality Selectively Offsets the Impact of Hyperthermia on Mouse Skeletal Muscle in vitro

“…Carbonyl groups are produced on protein side chains when they are oxidized by ROS. Due to their high chemical stability, protein carbonyls have been used as biomarkers of oxidative stress ( Dalle-Donne et al, 2003 ), including in exercise-hyperthermia settings ( Souza-Silva et al, 2016 ), which makes them an attractive biomarker of protein oxidation in skeletal muscle ex vivo preparations.…”