High-Intensity Interval Training Increases Cardiac Output and V˙O2max

Astorino, Todd A.; Edmunds, Ross M.; Clark, Amy S.; King, Leesa; Gallant, Rachael; Namm, Samantha; Fischer, Anthony; Wood, Kimi M.

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001099

Cited by 116 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…showed no change in CO in response to 36 sessions of electrically stimulated cycling; whereas, CO was increased after 24 sessions of hybrid interval training [43]. These discrepant results may be due to higher intensity of interval training, which in active men and women led to increased CO due to increased SV [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory responses to various arm cycling regimens in men with spinal cord injury

Astorino

2019

Spinal Cord Ser Cases

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Study design Repeated measures within-subjects crossover study. Objectives High intensity interval exercise (HIIE) elicits higher oxygen consumption (VO 2 ) and heart rate (HR) versus moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in men with spinal cord injury (SCI). No study has compared hemodynamic responses to HIIE versus MICE in SCI. In this study, we determined hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory responses to different bouts of arm cycling in men with SCI. Setting Human Performance Laboratory, San Diego, CA. Methods Five men (age and injury duration = 42.6 ± 16.1 yr and 9.9 ± 7.6 yr) with SCI participated in the study. VO 2 peak and peak power output were initially assessed. Subsequent visits included MICE, HIIE, sprint interval exercise (SIE), and a no-exercise control (CON). Energy expenditure was matched across modes and equal to 100 ± 10 kcal. During the bouts, cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), HR, and VO 2 were measured. Results Heart rate, SV, and CO increased in response to all exercise bouts and were higher during exercise versus CON. During HIIE and SIE, heart rate approached 90% of maximum, and stroke volume increased by 40% which was higher (p < 0.05) versus MICE and CON. In addition, exercise led to a two (MICE) to threefold increase in CO (HIIE and SIE) although it was not different from CON. VO 2 during SIE and HIIE was higher (p < 0.05) versus MICE. Conclusions Similar to results in non-disabled populations, HIIE and SIE elicit near-maximal values of SV and CO.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory responses to various arm cycling regimens in men with spinal cord injury

Astorino

2019

Spinal Cord Ser Cases

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this study, participants completed INC followed by a verification test at baseline, resulting in the data presented in this study. In study two, active men and women underwent 6 week of highintensity interval training or served as a non-exercising control (Astorino et al, 2017). Their baseline data consisting of assessment of VO 2 max through INC and a subsequent verification test were analysed in this study.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of constant load verification testing to confirm VO₂max attainment

Astorino

DeRevere

2017

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although maximal oxygen uptake (VO max) has been measured for almost 100 years, it is unknown when 'true' VO max is attained. Primary (the VO plateau) and secondary criteria are used to confirm VO max incidence, but frequency of the VO plateau varies, and secondary criteria are relatively invalid. The verification test (VER) seems to elicit similar estimates of VO max versus the incremental value (INC), yet existing data are limited by small populations and use of inadequate criteria to confirm 'true' VO max. We investigated the efficacy of VER by analysing data from 109 participants who underwent INC followed by VER at 105% or 110% of peak power output (PPO). Differences in VO max between VER and INC were analysed, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of the mean (SEM) and minimum difference (MD) were computed. Results showed that VO max was significantly higher (2%, P<0·05) in INC versus VER, VO max was highly related between protocols (ICC = 0·99) and SEM and MD were low. However, 11% of participants did not reveal 'true' VO max as the verification value was higher than INC by 3·0% - 3·3%. Fitness level altered the difference in VO max between INC and VER in study one, as lower fitness individuals showed a larger difference in VO max between protocols, although gender did not affect the difference in VO max between protocols. Our data show that VER does not verify 'true' VO max in all individuals, which may be related to their fitness level.

show abstract

“…There is strong evidence supporting peripheral adaptations as potential mechanisms for improving health following HIIT; with increased oxidative potential of skeletal muscle (39) as a result of increased mitochondrial gene transcription augmenting mitochondrial biogenesis (12), as well as evidence of improved vascular function, glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation were reported (35,39). Until recently, evidence of central adaptations was limited and equivocal (24); however, Kiviniemi et al (20) demonstrated improvements in cardiac autonomic modulation following 2 wk of HIIT compared with aerobic endurance training in middle aged men, and Astorino and colleagues (1) demonstrated that improvements in functional capacity following HIIT were due to improved maximal cardiac output. Recently, Grace et al (14) demonstrated improved left ventricular diastolic function following HIIT in sedentary men but reported no significant changes in cardiac mechanics as measured by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) of the apical 4-chamber view.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac autonomic and left ventricular mechanics following high intensity interval training: a randomized crossover controlled study

O’Driscoll

Wright

Taylor

et al. 2018

Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Short duration high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve important health parameters. The aim of the present study was to assess the combined adaptations of the cardiac autonomic nervous system and myocardial functional and mechanical parameters to HIIT. Forty physically inactive and highly sedentary men completed two weeks of HIIT and control period. The HIIT protocol consisted of 3 × 30-s maximal cycle ergometer sprints against a resistance of 7.5% body weight, interspersed with 2 min of active recovery. Total power spectral density (PSD) and associated low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) power spectral components of heart rate variability were recorded. Conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography recorded left ventricular (LV) structural, functional, and mechanical parameters. HIIT produced a significant increase in total log-transformed (ln) PSD and ln HF and a significant decrease in LF/HF ratio (all P < 0.05) compared with the control period. HIIT produced significant improvements in LV diastolic function, including lateral E', estimated filling pressure (E/E' ratio), E deceleration time, and isovolumetric relaxation time ( P < 0.05 for all). Fractional shortening was the only conventional marker of LV systolic function to significantly improve ( P < 0.05). In this setting, there were significant improvements in global peak systolic strain rate, early and late diastolic strain rate, and early to late diastolic strain rate ratio, as well as apical rotation, apical systolic and diastolic rotation velocity, apical radial and circumferential strain and strain rate, LV torsion, and LV systolic and diastolic torsion velocity (all P < 0.05). A short-term program of HIIT was associated with a significant increase in cardiac autonomic modulation, demonstrated by a residual increase in cardiac vagal activity as well as significantly improved cardiac function and mechanics. This study demonstrates that HIIT may be an important stimulus to reduce the health implications associated with physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to measure the combined adaptations of the cardiac autonomic nervous system and myocardial function and mechanics following high-intensity interval training (HIIT). This study demonstrates that a 2-wk HIIT intervention provides significant improvements in cardiac autonomic modulation and myocardial function and mechanics in a large cohort of young physically inactive and highly sedentary individuals. HIIT may be a powerful stimulus to reduce the health implications associated with physical inactivity and sedentary behavior.

show abstract

High-Intensity Interval Training Increases Cardiac Output and V˙O2max

Abstract: Increases in V˙O2max exhibited in response to different HIIT regimes are due to improvements in oxygen delivery.

Cited by 116 publications

References 34 publications

Hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory responses to various arm cycling regimens in men with spinal cord injury

Hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory responses to various arm cycling regimens in men with spinal cord injury

Efficacy of constant load verification testing to confirm VO₂max attainment

Cardiac autonomic and left ventricular mechanics following high intensity interval training: a randomized crossover controlled study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

High-Intensity Interval Training Increases Cardiac Output and V˙O2max

Abstract: Increases in V˙O2max exhibited in response to different HIIT regimes are due to improvements in oxygen delivery.

Cited by 116 publications

References 34 publications

Hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory responses to various arm cycling regimens in men with spinal cord injury

Hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory responses to various arm cycling regimens in men with spinal cord injury

Efficacy of constant load verification testing to confirm VO2max attainment

Cardiac autonomic and left ventricular mechanics following high intensity interval training: a randomized crossover controlled study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Efficacy of constant load verification testing to confirm VO₂max attainment