High intraspecific diversity of <i>Restorer‐of‐fertility‐like</i> genes in barley

Melonek, Joanna; Zhou, Ruonan; Bayer, Philipp E.; Edwards, David; Stein, Nils; Small, Ian

doi:10.1111/tpj.14115

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…RFL and PPR Rf (except for those encoding PLS-DYW class proteins) constitute a unique subgroup within the P-class of PPR genes. RFL is almost ubiquitous in plant genomes even when the plant appears to have no relationship to CMS, such as poplar (a dioecious plant species) [63,[65][66][67]. RFL copy number in a genome varies among plant species (sometimes close to 40 copies) [68].…”

Section: Evolution Of Ppr Rfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Does the Molecular Genetics of Different Types of Restorer-of-Fertility Genes Imply?

Kubo

Arakawa

Honma

et al. 2020

Plants

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Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a widely used trait for hybrid seed production. Although male sterility is caused by S cytoplasm (male-sterility inducing mitochondria), the action of S cytoplasm is suppressed by restorer-of-fertility (Rf), a nuclear gene. Hence, the genetics of Rf has attained particular interest among plant breeders. The genetic model posits Rf diversity in which an Rf specifically suppresses the cognate S cytoplasm. Molecular analysis of Rf loci in plants has identified various genes; however, pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein (a specific type of RNA-binding protein) is so prominent as the Rf-gene product that Rfs have been categorized into two classes, PPR and non-PPR. In contrast, several shared features between PPR- and some non-PPR Rfs are apparent, suggesting the possibility of another grouping. Our present focus is to group Rfs by molecular genetic classes other than the presence of PPRs. We propose three categories that define partially overlapping groups of Rfs: association with post-transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial gene expression, resistance gene-like copy number variation at the locus, and lack of a direct link to S-orf (a mitochondrial ORF associated with CMS). These groups appear to reflect their own evolutionary background and their mechanism of conferring S cytoplasm specificity.

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Section: Evolution Of Ppr Rfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Does the Molecular Genetics of Different Types of Restorer-of-Fertility Genes Imply?

Kubo

Arakawa

Honma

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…Most of the BnRFLs were unevenly distributed on 10 of the 19 chromosomes of B. napus , while a few formed gene clusters on chromosomes A9 and C8, similar to the gene cluster in Arabidopsis (chromosome 1; Table 1 , Fig. 1 ), rice and barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) [ 36 , 37 ]. Gene clustering has also been observed in many other gene families, such as the LEA gene family in B. napus [ 38 ] and Phyllostachys edulis [ 39 ] and laccase gene family in Citrus sinensis [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tandem repeats of a degenerate 35-amino-acid PPR motif are the most prominent feature of the PPR family, and all of the 53 BnRFL proteins showed this trait. Although 212 RFL genes in 13 different species [ 24 ] and 26 RFL genes in barley [ 37 ] have been identified previously, the conserved domain of the RFL proteins has not yet been analyzed. Therefore, we investigated motifs other than PPR in the RFL proteins, revealing 20 motifs among the 53 BnRFLs and a few known RF proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide identification of the restorer-of-fertility-like (RFL) gene family in Brassica napus and expression analysis in Shaan2A cytoplasmic male sterility

Ning

Wang

et al. 2020

BMC Genomics

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Background Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is very important in hybrid breeding. The restorer-of-fertility (Rf) nuclear genes rescue the sterile phenotype. Most of the Rf genes encode pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins. Results We investigated the restorer-of-fertility-like (RFL) gene family in Brassica napus. A total of 53 BnRFL genes were identified. While most of the BnRFL genes were distributed on 10 of the 19 chromosomes, gene clusters were identified on chromosomes A9 and C8. The number of PPR motifs in the BnRFL proteins varied from 2 to 19, and the majority of BnRFL proteins harbored more than 10 PPR motifs. An interaction network analysis was performed to predict the interacting partners of RFL proteins. Tissue-specific expression and RNA-seq analyses between the restorer line KC01 and the sterile line Shaan2A indicated that BnRFL1, BnRFL5, BnRFL6, BnRFL8, BnRFL11, BnRFL13 and BnRFL42 located in gene clusters on chromosomes A9 and C8 were highly expressed in KC01. Conclusions In the present study, identification and gene expression analysis of RFL gene family in the CMS system were conducted, and seven BnRFL genes were identified as candidates for the restorer genes in Shaan2A CMS. Taken together, this method might provide new insight into the study of Rf genes in other CMS systems.

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“…PPR genes constitute a large gene family in the plant genome, and PPR-type Rf belongs to a subclass termed Rf -PPR-like genes ( RFL ) [ 15 ]. PPR-type Rf tends to cluster with RFL : the organization of the RFL -containing gene cluster is varied among genetic resources [ 16 – 18 ]. The significance of such a variable gene cluster is, however, unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular basis for allelic differences suggests Restorer-of-fertility 1 is a complex locus in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

et al. 2020

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Background Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a widely used trait for hybrid seed production in many crops. Sugar beet CMS is associated with a unique mitochondrial protein named preSATP6 that forms a 250-kDa complex. Restorer-of-fertility 1 (Rf1) is a nuclear gene that suppresses CMS and is, hence, one of the targets of sugar beet breeding. Rf1 has dominant, semi-dominant and recessive alleles, suggesting that it may be a multi-allelic locus; however, the molecular basis for differences in genetic action is obscure. Molecular cloning of Rf1 revealed a gene (orf20) whose protein products produced in transgenics can bind with preSATP6 to generate a novel 200-kDa complex. The complex is also detected in fertility-restored anthers concomitant with a decrease in the amount of the 250-kDa complex. Molecular diversity of the Rf1 locus involves organizational diversity of a gene cluster composed of orf20-like genes (RF-Oma1s). We examined the possibility that members of the clustered RF-Oma1 in this locus could be associated with fertility restoration. Results Six yet uncharacterized RF-Oma1s from dominant and recessive alleles were examined to determine whether they could generate the 200-kDa complex. Analyses of transgenic calli revealed that three RF-Oma1s from a dominant allele could generate the 200-kDa complex, suggesting that clustered RF-Oma1s in the dominant allele can participate in fertility restoration. None of the three copies from two recessive alleles was 200-kDa generative. The absence of this ability was confirmed by analyzing mitochondrial complexes in anthers of plants having these recessive alleles. Together with our previous data, we designed a set of PCR primers specific to the 200-kDa generative RF-Oma1s. The amount of mRNA measured by this primer set inversely correlated with the amount of the 250-kDa complex in anthers and positively correlated with the strength of the Rf1 alleles. Conclusions Fertility restoration by sugar beet Rf1 can involve multiple RF-Oma1s clustered in the locus, implying that stacking 200-kDa generative copies in the locus strengthens the efficacy, whereas the absence of 200-kDa generative copies in the locus makes the allele recessive irrespective of the copy number. We propose that sugar beet Rf1 is a complex locus.

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High intraspecific diversity of Restorer‐of‐fertility‐like genes in barley

Cited by 24 publications

References 72 publications

What Does the Molecular Genetics of Different Types of Restorer-of-Fertility Genes Imply?

What Does the Molecular Genetics of Different Types of Restorer-of-Fertility Genes Imply?

Genome-wide identification of the restorer-of-fertility-like (RFL) gene family in Brassica napus and expression analysis in Shaan2A cytoplasmic male sterility

The molecular basis for allelic differences suggests Restorer-of-fertility 1 is a complex locus in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

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