High Latency of Tuberculosis Manifestation in a Premature Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant with Favorable Outcome

Vogel, Markus; Schroten, Horst; Kahl, Philip; Müller, Andreas

doi:10.1159/000355538

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Cantwell et al [5] reported that the average age at the onset of congenital tuberculosis was 24 days (range, 1–84 days). Vogel et al [10] reported that some patients with congenital tuberculosis did not develop symptoms until 3 months after birth or longer. The longest duration between birth and the onset of symptoms was 154 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and treatment of congenital tuberculosis: a systematic review of 92 cases

Liu

Tao

2019

Orphanet J Rare Dis

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Background Congenital tuberculosis is rare and carries a high mortality rate. Our objective was to summarize the current experience of the diagnosis and treatment of patients with congenital tuberculosis. Methods In total, 73 reported cases of congenital tuberculosis published in Chinese and 19 patients with congenital tuberculosis admitted to West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, were retrospectively reviewed. Results Sixty-four male and 28 female patients were identified. The majority of the patients were less than 3 weeks old at the time of presentation (range, 0–67 days). With regard to the tuberculosis type, 89 patients had pulmonary tuberculosis, and 20 patients had hepatic tuberculosis. There was active tuberculosis in 71 mothers, no tuberculosis in 12 mothers, and an unknown history of tuberculosis in 9 mothers. Fever, cyanosis, jaundice, shortness of breath, cough, pulmonary moist rales, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and abdominal distention were the main clinical symptoms at the time of presentation. The abnormal ratios of chest, abdomen and head radiographic images were 97.53, 75 and 81.25%, respectively. The positive rates of acid-fast staining of sputum smears and tuberculosis bacillus DNA were 62.50 and 66.67%, respectively. The misdiagnosis rate was 59.78%. The overall mortality due to congenital tuberculosis was 43.48%. Respiratory failure was the most common cause of death. Sixty-five patients received anti-tuberculosis therapy, and of those, only 16 (15.38%) died. Conclusions The clinical manifestations and radiographic findings of congenital tuberculosis are nonspecific. It is important to thoroughly evaluate the mothers of infants with suspected congenital tuberculosis. Good outcomes can be achieved in infants with the early identification of congenital tuberculosis and early administration of anti-tuberculosis treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and treatment of congenital tuberculosis: a systematic review of 92 cases

Liu

Tao

2019

Orphanet J Rare Dis

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“…Both mother and child were treated favorably. This case report highlighted a prolonged latency period of TB infection, emphasizing the need for urgent treatment of neonates in such situations [21], especially taking into account pediatric acute respiratory failure [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Risk of tuberculosis in low birth weight children from East Romania

Banu

Nechita

Elkan-Cojocaru

et al. 2020

aoms

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Introduction: In the context of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden, children represent 10% of all cases, with high incidence rates still reported by many regions worldwide. The study aim was to determine whether there is a correlation between TB clinical diagnosis and low birth weight in children at various ages. Material and methods: The study was conducted between 2010 and 2014, on a group of 1783 pediatric patients and a subgroup of 137 pediatric patients with low birth weight (LBW). Data were collected from patients' records and hospital statistical reports then processed using MS Excel 2010 and SPSS v.22. Results: The subgroup of LBW patients accounted for 7.68% of all recorded cases. Girls were predominant (total M: F = 0.95; LBW group M: F = 0.91, p < 0.05), most from an urban area (total U: R = 1.29; LBW subgroup U: R = 1.36, p < 0.05). 22.59% of LBW subgroup children were infants aged of 0-12 months. The youngest age at TB diagnosis was 1 month and the lowest weight was 700 g. ANOVA regression for LBW and age at TB diagnosis, showed a multiple R value of 0.0256, p = 0.7659 (F = 0.7659, 95% CI). Conclusions: The correlation between clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis in children at various ages and their low birth weight was positive but was not statistically significant. However, this research hypothesis should be tested in further studies on larger population groups, due to the current public health context of "End TB", promoted worldwide.

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“…As said in literature, symptoms appear only in newborns after third week of life, with a median age of 28 days [5]. On the other hand, there have been cases of late onset up to 3 months of life or over, as the case study by Vogel et al has shown [34], describing the appearance of congenital TB manifestation at 154 days after birth. And another study reported the case on day 112 [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Perspective of the Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Tuberculosis

Saramba

Zhao

2016

Journal of Pathogens

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Tuberculosis continues to be a prevalent disease in the world and a global public health issue in many countries. The disease is more complicated in pregnant women because it imperils unborn offspring and results in congenital tuberculosis later if undiagnosed and untreated. Congenital tuberculosis is rare entity and an uncommon disease along with a high mortality rate. Congenital tuberculosis, a severe clinical type of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a serious and fatal disease if left untreated. Our study emphasizes that it is necessary and mandatory to consider congenital tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of neonatal or pulmonary infections in infants, essentially in countries where the incidence of tuberculosis is high burden. Mother to neonatal transmission of disease is well known via transplacental transmission through the umbilical vein to the fetus, through the ingestion of infected amniotic fluid. Early detection is challenging, because of the nonspecific nature of the signs and symptoms in tuberculosis during pregnancy and infancy. The degree of clinical suspicion is the essential component of diagnosis. Furthermore, it generally has a difficult treatment and it should not be delayed while waiting for diagnostic test results. Prompt identification and proper treatment regimens for congenital tuberculosis strongly relate with enhanced outcomes.

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High Latency of Tuberculosis Manifestation in a Premature Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant with Favorable Outcome

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Diagnosis and treatment of congenital tuberculosis: a systematic review of 92 cases

Diagnosis and treatment of congenital tuberculosis: a systematic review of 92 cases

Risk of tuberculosis in low birth weight children from East Romania

A Perspective of the Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Tuberculosis

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