High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenols from Oolong Tea and Black Tea: Purification, Some Properties, and Role in Increasing Mitochondrial Membrane Potential

Fujihara, Takashi; Nakagawa-Izumi, Akiko; Ozawa, Tetsuo; Numata, Osamu

doi:10.1271/bbb.60562

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…MAF was derived from a fraction strongly increasing the mitochondrial membrane potential in T. pyriformis. MAF prepared from a pH 3.0 butanol fraction 4) and that from a pH 2.0 butanol fraction showed the same properties, including effects on mitochondrial membrane potential and elution profiles on Toyopearl HW-40F column chromatography and HPLC with an ODS column. MAF was dissolved in DMSO, and 10 mg/mL of MAF in 0.1% DMSO was prepared with ASW.…”

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confidence: 79%

“…We examined the effects of MAF on mitochondrial respiration by measuring mitochondrial membrane potential using 10 mM rhodamine 123. 4) Localization of rhodamine 123 fluorescence to the midpiece of the sea urchin sperm suggested that this is where the mitochondria are located ( Fig. 2A-C).…”

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confidence: 96%

“…4) Structural analysis has indicated that MAF is a heterogeneous polymer of flavan-3-ols and flavan-3-ol gallates with intermonomeric linkages of B-ring to B-ring and C-ring to Aring. 4) Our preliminary observations indicate that MAF increased the swimming velocity of Tetrahymena (Fujihara and Numata, unpublished results). Because most ciliary and flagellar movement requires ATP, it is possible that MAF increases the swimming velocity of sperm by activating mitochondrial respiration.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…We purified MAF from black tea as described previously, 4) with modifications. In brief, the ethylacetate-soluble fraction was removed from a boiling water extract of black tea.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Black Tea High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenol Increases the Motility of Sea Urchin Sperm by Activating Mitochondrial Respiration

Kikuchi

Shiba

Ozawa

et al. 2012

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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confidence: 79%

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confidence: 96%

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confidence: 99%

“…We purified MAF from black tea as described previously, 4) with modifications. In brief, the ethylacetate-soluble fraction was removed from a boiling water extract of black tea.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Black Tea High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenol Increases the Motility of Sea Urchin Sperm by Activating Mitochondrial Respiration

Kikuchi

Shiba

Ozawa

et al. 2012

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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“…According to the chemiosmotic theory, measuring mitochondrial inner-membrane potential (ΔΨ m ) has been used as an index of mitochondrial activity because ΔΨ m is utilized to provide energy for ATP production (Solani et al 2007 ). Mitochondrial activation is believed to be by changes in hyperpolarization of ΔΨ m (Fujihara et al 2007 ). On the other hand, ΔNO at fertilization has been reported in sea urchin eggs, although its main function is still obscure (Leckie et al 2003 ;Mohri et al 2008 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Activation and Nitric Oxide (NO) Release at Fertilization in Echinoderm Eggs

Mohri

Kyozuka

2014

Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants

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In the cell, mitochondria are important organelles to supply energy for essential cell activities. It is unclear when and how mitochondrial activity increases on fertilization. We refer to mitochondrial activation here as mitochondrial innermembrane hyperpolarization. We measured fl uorescence changes in mitochondrial inner-membrane potential (ΔΨ m ) during fertilization in eggs of the echinoderm Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus and the sand dollar Clypeaster japonicus using a mitochondrial dye, MitoTracker Red CMXR (MTR). Increase in fl uorescence was detected after insemination in most eggs, which indicates hyperpolarization in ΔΨ m . To obtain the relationship between changes in intracellular Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ IntroductionFertilization is thought to be one of the most remarkable phenomena, in which a large amount of energy is required for a zygote to increase diverse cellular activities leading to structural and qualitative changes for development from a dormant unfertilized state. At fertilization, mitochondria could be signifi cant in increasing various cellular activities, including supplying the energy. Generally, mitochondria have been recognized as multifunctional organelles playing crucial roles in cellular control. Their roles are to provide the main cellular energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), to generate and regulate reactive oxygen species, to buffer cytosolic Ca 2+ , and to regulate apoptosis through a mitochondrial permeability transition pore (Wallace et al. 2010 ). Therefore, it is assumed that mitochondrial activity should increase accompanying the sequential phenomena, called "egg activation," that comprise changes in intracellular concentration of Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ), pH, nitric oxide (NO) release (ΔNO), other second-messenger signals, and cytoplasmic changes, leading to activation of many important enzymes and factors for development. In sea urchins, early studies on respiration demonstrated that a burst of respiration started immediately after fertilization and reached the peak level within 3 min (Foerder et al. 1978 ;Fujiwara and Yasumasu 1997 ;Warburg 1908 ). One third of the respiration at fertilization should be responsible for mitochondrial respiration. However, when and how the mitochondria really activate remains unclear. According to the chemiosmotic theory, measuring mitochondrial inner-membrane potential (ΔΨ m ) has been used as an index of mitochondrial activity because ΔΨ m is utilized to provide energy for ATP production (Solani et al. 2007 ). Mitochondrial activation is believed to be by changes in hyperpolarization of ΔΨ m (Fujihara et al. 2007 ). On the other hand, ΔNO at fertilization has been reported in sea urchin eggs, although its main function is still obscure (Leckie et al. 2003 ;Mohri et al. 2008 ). We found in our previous study that mitochondrial activity has some relationship to ΔNO because mitochondrial inhibitors such as CN − and NaN 3 inhibited ΔNO, and an egg stratifi ed by centrifugation showed colocalization by double-staining with the mito...

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Element Composition of Tea Leaves and Tea Infusions and Its Impact on Health

Shen

Chen

2008

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

125

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Tea infusion is the most frequently consumed beverage worldwide next to water, with about 20 billion cups consumed daily. In Taiwan, daily consumption averages 2.5 cups of tea infusion per person. Many studies have concluded that tea has numerous beneficial effects on health. However, some undesirable trace elements, such as arsenic, chromium, cadmium, lead, etc., are a concern. This study has three aims: (1) to measure the concentrations of arsenic and heavy metal elements, such as chromium, cadmium, and lead, as well as the essential trace elements contained in dried tea leaves of the common brands in Taiwan; (2) to determine the percentage released and concentration of each of these elements after infusion of these tea leaves with boiling water; (3) to assess the carcinogenic risk from daily tea consumption, to provide reference values for the general public. This study showed the total content of arsenic and heavy metals in green tea, oolong tea, and black tea produced in Taiwan was 0.11, 5.61, and 10.11 microg/g, respectively, indicating that the level of arsenic and heavy metal contamination of tea leaves was lower in Taiwan than other regions of the world. The hazard index (HI) of daily tea drinking of green tea, oolong tea, and black tea was low and within the bounds of safety (<1). Tea is an indispensable part of everyday life for many people in Taiwan, studies should continue to ensure that public health is maintained.

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High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenols from Oolong Tea and Black Tea: Purification, Some Properties, and Role in Increasing Mitochondrial Membrane Potential

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Black Tea High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenol Increases the Motility of Sea Urchin Sperm by Activating Mitochondrial Respiration

Black Tea High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenol Increases the Motility of Sea Urchin Sperm by Activating Mitochondrial Respiration

Mitochondrial Activation and Nitric Oxide (NO) Release at Fertilization in Echinoderm Eggs

Element Composition of Tea Leaves and Tea Infusions and Its Impact on Health

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