High Pathogenicity of a Chinese NADC34-like PRRSV on Pigs

Yuan, Lili; Zhu, Zhenbang; Fan, Jiulun; Liu, Panrao; Li, Yanhua; Li, Qun; Sun, Zhe; Yu, Xiaofang; Lee, Hu Suk; Tian, Kegong; Li, Xiangdong

doi:10.1128/spectrum.01541-22

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We also isolated two NADC34-like strains (i.e., JS-KS-2021-12 and JS-NJ-2022-01) from the Jiangsu province, which contain continuous deletions of 100 amino acids. In late 2021 and early 2022, two NADC34-like strains were isolated from the Jiangsu province by Yuan et al (2022) . Yuan et al (2022) and Zhu et al (2022) emphasizing that NADC34-like strains have gradually spread and that they have become a potential endemic strain in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In late 2021 and early 2022, two NADC34-like strains were isolated from the Jiangsu province by Yuan et al (2022) . Yuan et al (2022) and Zhu et al (2022) emphasizing that NADC34-like strains have gradually spread and that they have become a potential endemic strain in China. Therefore, further research into NADC34-like strains is necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from Eastern China during 2017–2022

et al. 2022

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an immunosuppressive disease caused by PRSS virus (PRRSV). PRRSV mainly causes reproductive disorders in pregnant sows and respiratory diseases in piglets. Recently, it has emerged as one of the most important diseases of the pig industry across the globe. In this study, we have collected 231 samples from differently sized pig farms in Eastern China from 2017 to 2022 to investigate the epidemic characteristics of the disease. All samples were screened by RT-PCR and analyzed further using Nsp2 and ORF5 genes. The result showed that the positive rate of PRRSV was 24% (54/231). Phylogenetic analysis (13 positive samples) revealed that all isolates belonged to genotype 2, and they were mainly distributed in four lineages (i.e., lineage 1, 3, 5, and 8). Nsp2 is the most variable protein among all PRRSV NSPs, several isolates from this study had amino acid deletions within Nsp2 compared to that of strain VR-2332. The major structural protein glycoprotein (GP5) protein is encoded by ORF5. Epitope analysis of the 13 isolated strains and additional reference strains revealed that all 13 strains had some mutations on the decoy epitope, the primary neutralizing epitope, T cell epitopes, and B cell epitopes. This study showed that the prevalent PRRSV strain in Eastern China was still HP-PRRSV, while the proportion of NADC30-like and NADC34-like strains have increased. This study further enriches the epidemiological data of PRRS in Eastern China and provides a theoretical basis for vaccine development and prevention and control of the disease across the region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from Eastern China during 2017–2022

et al. 2022

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“…The NADC34-like strain was first discovered in Liaoning in 2017 ( 18 ). To date, the prevalence of the NADC34-like strain has been reported in at least 10 provinces, including Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Henan, Hebei, Fujian, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Tianjin, and Shandong ( 24 , 44 ). However, the prevalence of NADC34-like in Shandong Province is still unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NADC34-like PRRSV has become widespread in several provinces. The prevalence of NADC34 strains has been observed in 10 provinces and cities, including Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin, Jiangsu, Henan, Hebei and Shandong (22)(23)(24). This makes it very necessary to monitor PRRSV and understand its prevalence in Shandong Province.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological survey of PRRS and genetic variation analysis of the ORF5 gene in Shandong Province, 2020–2021

Shen

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Since the rise of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in China, mutations have occurred regularly. In particular, the emergence of HP-PRRSV has significantly improved the pathogenicity of PRRSV. It has brought huge economic losses to the Chinese pig farming industry. To understand the current prevalence and evolution of PRRSV in Shandong Province, 1,344 samples suspected of having PRRSV were collected from local hog farms of different sizes. Genetic variation in the isolated PRRSV ORF5 gene was analyzed using the RT-PCR method. The results showed that the detection rate of PRRSV in the collected samples was 25.44%. The predominant strain of PRRSV in Shandong Province is still NADC30-like. However, it cannot be ignored that NADC34-like is also starting to become a prevalent strain. Mutations in ORF5 amino acids 13, 151 and neutralizing epitope (aa36-aa52) in some isolates can cause changes in virulence and ability to escape immunity. This study enriches the epidemiological data on PRRSV in Shandong Province, China. It provides an important reference for the development of new vaccines and for the prevention and control of PRRSV.

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“…At the beginning of 2022, the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute reported the occurrence of NADC30-like and NADC34-like recombinant strains in pig farms; however, their pathogenicity is yet to be explored [ 29 ]. Our study shows that NADC30-like strains are less virulent in piglets and sows, while NADC34-like strains are less pathogenic to piglets, and the severity of the pathogenicity to sows has been suggested to be due to the recombinant strain [ 44 ]. However, further clinical trials with animal models are required to test whether the recombination of these two strains results in enhanced pathogenicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Pathogenicity of Two Novel PRRSVs Recombined by NADC30-like and NADC34-like Strains in China

Peng

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) pose a serious threat to the swine industry in China, which has caused great difficulties for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) immune prevention and control, due to its easily mutable and recombinant nature. In this study, two novel PRRSV strains, which were named GD-H1 and GD-F1, were isolated and fully sequenced from pig farms in Guangdong province, China. The phylogenetic analysis and recombination analysis revealed that the GD-H1 and GD-F1 were generated by the recombination of NADC30-like and NADC34-like strains which were different from the previously prevalent strain. Further pathogenic studies on piglets and sows found that the recombinant strains could cause piglets high fever, loss of appetite and lung lesions, but no piglets died. However, the recombinant strains could cause acute death and abortion in pregnant sow infection models together with average survival rates of 62.5% and 37.5% abortion rates, respectively. These findings indicated that the recombinant strains were extremely pathogenic to sows. Therefore, we report two clinical novel recombinant strains of PRRSV that are different from the traditional epidemic strains in China, which may provide early warning and support for PRRS immune prevention and control.

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High Pathogenicity of a Chinese NADC34-like PRRSV on Pigs

Abstract: NADC34 PRRSV was initially reported in the United States in 2018. Subsequently, this virus strain spread to other countries, including Peru, South Korea, and China.

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from Eastern China during 2017–2022

Genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from Eastern China during 2017–2022

Epidemiological survey of PRRS and genetic variation analysis of the ORF5 gene in Shandong Province, 2020–2021

Characterization and Pathogenicity of Two Novel PRRSVs Recombined by NADC30-like and NADC34-like Strains in China

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