High‐Performance Bismuth‐Doped Nickel Aerogel Electrocatalyst for the Methanol Oxidation Reaction

Abstract

Low-cost, non-noble-metal electrocatalysts are required for direct methanol fuel cells,b ut their development has been hindered by limited activity,high onset potential, low conductivity,a nd poor durability.Asurface electronic structure tuning strategy is presented, which involves doping of aforeign oxophilic post-transition metal onto transition metal aerogels to achieve an on-noble-metal aerogel Ni 97 Bi 3 with unprecedented electrocatalytic activity and durability in methanol oxidation. Trace amounts of Bi are atomically dispersed on the surface of the Ni 97 Bi 3 aerogel, which leads to an optimum shift of the d-band center of Ni, large compressive strain of Bi, and greatly increased conductivity of the aerogel. The electrocatalyst is endowed with abundant active sites, efficient electron and mass transfer,r esistance to CO poisoning, and outstanding performance in methanol oxidation. This work sheds light on the design of high-performance non-noblemetal electrocatalysts.

In situ grown oxygen-vacancy-rich copper oxide nanosheets on a copper foam electrode afford the selective oxidation of alcohols to value-added chemicals

“…As evidenced the as-prepared CuO/ CF after the long-term stability test regains its original activity in fresh electrolytes and exhibits a quite similar CV profile compared to the one obtained before the long-term EOR and MOR stability tests. Hence the slight decline in the activity during the long-term EOR and MOR are solely linked to the depleting concentration of ethanol and methanol 6,9,45 . The durability of the as-prepared catalyst for EOR and MOR was further evaluated with a cyclic stability test at a static potential.…”

A Roadmap for 3D Metal Aerogels: Materials Design and Application Attempts

“…98,117 In contrast to the commonly found poor stability (the retention drops to <30% within 1 h 19,29,89,90,97,118 ), a bismuth-doped nickel aerogel (Ni 97 Bi 3 ) delivered a remarkable stability with a 78% current retention after a 12-h chronoamperometric test, which was attributed to promoting the elimination of poisoning intermediates. 119 Instead of modulating metal components, decorating specific ligands opens a new modulation dimension. As shown in Figures 9A and 9B, by utilizing charge transfer between metals and ligands, PVP-modified Au-Pd aerogels induced an increase of the valence state of metals.…”

Controllable fabrication of a nickel–iridium alloy network by galvanic replacement engineering for high-efficiency electrocatalytic water splitting

“…1b, the resultant Ni network consists of continuously interconnected nanoparticles and exhibits a porous and bifurcated structure in a three-dimensional (3D) space, with morphological features similar to those of previously reported Ni metal network materials. 42,56 Notably, the Ni-Ir alloy network catalysts (Ni-Ir0.25, Ni-Ir0.5 and Ni-Ir1.0) prepared by galvanic replacement engineering still maintain the 3D network and porous architecture (Fig. 1c-e).…”