High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of the plasma concentration of K-27, a novel oxime-type cholinesterase reactivator

Tekes, Kornélia; Al‐Hasan, Muath; Sheen, R.; Kuča, Kamil; Petroianu, Georg; Ludányi, Krisztina; Kalász, Huba

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2006.04.016

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A similar approach for reactivator K027 was previously published by our group [9]. This compound is currently under consideration as a very promising AChE reactivator with a broad reactivation potency and relatively low toxicity [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, it was not applicable for our current synthesis of the new reactivator K053 (3) because of different connection chains between both the substituted pyridinium rings in each compound (a trimethylene linker in K027 versus an (E)-but-2-ene in K053).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Step Synthesis of a Non-symmetric Acetylcholinesterase Reactivator

et al. 2007

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Abstract:The newly developed and very promising acetylcholinesterase reactivator (E)-1-(2-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-4-(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-but-2-ene dibromide was prepared using two different pathways via a two-step synthesis involving the appropriate (E)-1-(4-bromobut-2-enyl)-2-or 4-hydroxyiminomethyl-pyridinium bromides. Afterwards, purities and yields of the desired product prepared by both routes were compared. Finally, its potency to reactivate several nerve agent-inhibited acetylcholinesterases was tested.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Step Synthesis of a Non-symmetric Acetylcholinesterase Reactivator

et al. 2007

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“…Considering lipophilicity of these compounds, K027, K048, and K203 show the upmost negative log P as well as the largest total polar surface area (TPSA) values [14][15][16]. Tekes et al [17,18] determined the level of K027 in serum, the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine following i.m. treatment of male Wistar rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC determination of K027 in the body of pregnant mice

Nurulain

Ojha

Dhanasekaran

et al. 2017

Acta Chromatographica

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Summary. Distribution of K027, a hydrophilic, positively charged compound is monitored in the body of pregnant mice using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Intraperitoneal injection was done on the 18th day of pregnancy; the plasma and brains of the mother mice, placentae and the fetuses' brains were dissected following 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min of treatment. Significant incorporation of K027 was found in the placentae and in fetuses' brains relative to its levels in the mothers' plasma and brains. This incorporation warns of a possible adjustment of dose of pyridinium aldoxime antidotes in case of pregnancy. Further studies with different gestational periods and animal models are warranted.

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“…In order to separate the K series vitamins with almost same structural properties, the post column derivatization technique with fluorescence detection was used. The reduction mechanism of components with zinc chloride derivatization reagent present in mobile phase was interacted with column stationary phase to achieve separation [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] .The literature survey for K 2 -4 and K 2 -7 reveals that no independent method available for simultaneous and efficient separation of these two vitamins. The present study reveals that nutraceutical formulation with vitamins was chosen to develop analytical separation method using Soxhlet's extraction with acetone solvent followed by evaporation with a rotary evaporator and fluorescence detection [14][15][16][17] .…”

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Vitamin K2-4 and K2-7 Estimation in Nutraceutical Solid Dosage Forms by Post Column Derivatization with Fluorescence Detection

Karuppiah¹,

Basha²

2016

ijps

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A post column derivatization method for the estimation of fat soluble vitamins K 2 -4 and K 2 -7 was developed by reverse phase HPLC and validated as per ICH guidelines. The compounds were extracted by solvent extraction with acetone followed by evaporation in a rotary evaporator. The residue was dissolved in ethanol and injected in to a chromatograph consisting of C18 column (Waters symmetry, 150×4.6, 3.5 μ) and fluorescence detector. The derivatization reagent was prepared by dissolving 136 mg of zinc chloride, 40 mg of sodium acetate and 0.1 ml of glacial acetic acid in methanol. The mobile phase comprises of methanol:isopropyl alcohol:acetonitrile:zinc chloride buffer solution 850:90:50:10 with a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The overall percentage recoveries of five different levels were found to be 99.85 and 100.5%, respectively. The linearity of the analytical method was determined from 10% to 120% level and the linear regression coefficients were 0.9991 and 0.9995 which is well within the acceptance criteria of 0.999. The limits of detection and limits of quantification were determined based on signal to noise ratio. The established values were 0.050, 0.50 μg/ml and 0.005, 0.047 μg/ml which is much lesser than available literatue limits. The developed method can be more suitable for the estimation of K 2 -4 and K 2 -7 present in drug substances as well as drug product formulations.Key words: Post column derivatization, nutraceutical solid dosage forms, estimation of K 2 -4 and K 2 -7 by HPLC, zinc chloride buffer solution, analytical estimation Vitamin K 2 includes several subtypes; the two subtypes most studied are menaquinone-4 (menatetrenone, MK-4) and menaquinone-7 (MK-7). Vitamin K 2 -4 ( fig. 1a) is yellow coloured powder, molecular formula C 31 H 40 O 2, molecular weight 444.65 g/mol, soluble in acetone and ethyl alcohol [1] . Vitamin K 2 -7 ( fig. 1b) is light yellow microcrystalline powder, molecular formula C 46 H 64 O 2, molecular weight 648.99 g/mol, soluble in petroleum ether, acetone, ethyl alcohol and insoluble in water [1] . Vitamin K is used for the treatment of anticoagulantinduced prothrombin deficiency caused by warfarin [2][3][4] . The American Academy of Paediatrics recommends that vitamin K should be given to all new born babies as a single intramuscular dose to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding. In Japan, vitamin K 2 is used for the management of osteoporosis. The fermented soya product nattō is rich in menaquinone-7 [2][3][4] .Derivatization reaction with the reduction of zinc metal ions to isolate compounds of closely eluting peaks by chromatography is fast emerging tool for analytical separation. The dosage form formulated with two active ingredients such as K 2 -4 and K 2 -7 along with excipients is very challenging effort to separate from its moiety. In order to separate the K series vitamins with almost same structural properties, the post column derivatization technique with fluorescence detection was used. The reduction mechanism of components with zinc chloride derivatizatio...

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High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of the plasma concentration of K-27, a novel oxime-type cholinesterase reactivator

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Two Step Synthesis of a Non-symmetric Acetylcholinesterase Reactivator

Two Step Synthesis of a Non-symmetric Acetylcholinesterase Reactivator

HPLC determination of K027 in the body of pregnant mice

Vitamin K2-4 and K2-7 Estimation in Nutraceutical Solid Dosage Forms by Post Column Derivatization with Fluorescence Detection

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