“…Determination of the column void volume ( V 0 ) has been the subject of a number of studies. − This is an important parameter which should be calculated for kinetics and dynamics. Many so-called “nonretained” solutes (sodium nitrate, acetone, uracil, etc.) were used to estimate the V 0 ; however, these materials have a weak interaction with stationary and/or mobile phases, and the real value for V 0 could not be obtained.…”