High power diode laser nitriding of titanium in nitrogen gas filled simple acrylic box container: Microstructure, phase formation, hardness, dendrite and martensite solidification analyses

Senthilselvan, J.; Monisha, K.; Gunaseelan, M.; Yamini, Sima Aminorroaya; Kumar, Sushil; Kanimozhi, K.; Manonmani, J; Shariff, S.M.; Padmanabham, G.

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2020.110118

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…While laser nitriding involves surface remelting and requires precise control of the saturation parameters, it is also hard to process internal surfaces via this method (e.g., holes for the insertion of bronze landing gear bushings). Obtaining a thick coating is not always possible, but their effective production has been reported [46].…”

Section: Laser-assisted Nitridingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this analysis of nitriding's effects on the surface layer's properties [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59], we decided to study gas nitriding of the double-phase high-strength BT22 titanium alloy. As higher temperatures and gas pressure results in thicker and harder surfaces, the process parameters selected are an atmospheric nitrogen pressure and temperature range of 750-850 • C. A slow temperature increase in a vacuum before nitriding is assumed to have the same effect as preheating [58].…”

Section: Gas Nitridingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Duplex Aging and Gas Nitriding Process as a Method of Surface Modification of Titanium Alloys for Aircraft Applications

Тіsov

Łępicka

Tsybrii

et al. 2022

Metals

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This study discusses the effect of a duplex aging + nitriding process on the wear resistance of an aged double-phase titanium alloy, BT22. Nitriding was applied simultaneously with the heat treatment of the alloy, which is advantageous over the conventional heat and surface treatment methods applied to titanium alloys. According to the results, the thickness of the case depth of the nitrided samples was 40–50 μm. Moreover, nitrogen was uniformly dispersed in the substrate, which was indicated by the hardness tests. The average microhardness of the substrate material was 300 HV0.01, while the hardness of the top layer was 1190 HV0.01, which is an almost four-fold increase. The applied duplex treatment substantially affected the wear performance of the tested alloy. For the untreated alloy, the maximum coefficient of friction was 0.8, while in the surface-modified sample, the maximum fluctuations reached 0.6. The abrasive wear process was dominant in the nitrided samples, while delamination and adhesive wear were observed for the untreated specimens. The nitrided alloy exhibited double the wear resistance of the untreated samples. The proposed treatment does not require additional time or energy consumption, providing a substantial technological advantage over conventional methods. Though the alpha case reduces the mechanical performance of titanium, the nitriding of only the component sections intended to withstand friction will have a positive effect.

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Section: Laser-assisted Nitridingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gas Nitridingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duplex Aging and Gas Nitriding Process as a Method of Surface Modification of Titanium Alloys for Aircraft Applications

Тіsov

Łępicka

Tsybrii

et al. 2022

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While laser nitriding involves surface remelting and requires the precise control of saturation parameters, it is also hard to process internal surfaces via this method (e.g., holes for the insertion of bronze landing gear bushings). Obtaining a thick coating is not always possible [28], though in other papers [29] the reported nitride layer thickness was 56 µm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Improving the Wear-Resistance of BT22 Titanium Alloy by Forming Nano-Cellular Topography via Laser-Thermochemical Processing

et al. 2023

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This paper studies the microstructure, phase composition and tribological response of BT22 bimodal titanium alloy samples, which were selectively laser-processed before nitriding. Laser power was selected to obtain a maximum temperature just a little above the α↔β transus point. This allows for the formation of a nano-fine cell-type microstructure. The average grain size of the nitrided layer obtained in this study was 300–400 nm, and 30–100 nm for some smaller cells. The width of the “microchannels” between some of them was 2–5 nm. This microstructure was detected on both the intact surface and the wear track. XRD tests proved the prevailing formation of Ti2N. The thickness of the nitride layer was 15–20 μm between the laser spots, and 50 μm below them, with a maximum surface hardness of 1190 HV0.01. Microstructure analyses revealed nitrogen diffusion along the grain boundaries. Tribological studies were performed using a PoD tribometer in dry sliding conditions, with a counterpart fabricated from untreated titanium alloy BT22. The comparative wear test indicates the superiority of the laser+nitrided alloy over the one that was only nitrided: the weight loss was 28% lower, with a 16% decrease in the coefficient of friction. The predominant wear mechanism of the nitrided sample was determined to be micro-abrasive wear accompanied by delamination, while that of the laser+nitrided sample was micro-abrasive wear. The cellular microstructure of the nitrided layer obtained after the combined laser-thermochemical processing helps to withstand substrate deformations and provide better wear-resistance.

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Microstructure, microhardness, and tribological behavior of Ti-6Al-4 V nitrided by laser irradiation

Essoussi,

Bougueraa,

Ettaqi

2024

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the microhardness and characterize the microstructure of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy nitrided with a pulsed Nd-YAG laser under nitrogen gas ow. The Ti alloy surface was irradiated and melted at various laser scanning speeds. The phase analysis by X-ray diffraction for different irradiation conditions, revealed the formation of three phases: α-Ti, TiN, and TiN 0.3 . The results revealed that the microscopic analysis using optical and scanning electron microscopies revealed the presence of dendritic microstructure in both the laser-melted and nitreded zones, with TiN dendrites concentrated near the treated alloy's surface. Moreover, the wear of nitrided samples was examined using a pin-on-disk tribometre, the results revealed that the thickness of the TiN nitride layer (2 to 8 μm) affected the morphology of wear tracks.

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High power diode laser nitriding of titanium in nitrogen gas filled simple acrylic box container: Microstructure, phase formation, hardness, dendrite and martensite solidification analyses

Cited by 23 publications

References 95 publications

Duplex Aging and Gas Nitriding Process as a Method of Surface Modification of Titanium Alloys for Aircraft Applications

Duplex Aging and Gas Nitriding Process as a Method of Surface Modification of Titanium Alloys for Aircraft Applications

Improving the Wear-Resistance of BT22 Titanium Alloy by Forming Nano-Cellular Topography via Laser-Thermochemical Processing

Microstructure, microhardness, and tribological behavior of Ti-6Al-4 V nitrided by laser irradiation

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