High‐Pressure Technology

Abstract

The article contains sections titled: 1. Applications of High‐Pressures 2. Pressure Vessels 2.1. Solid‐Wall Vessels 2.2. Multiwall Vessels 2.2.1. Designs with a Purely Mechanical Joint 2.2.2. Welded Designs (Layered‐Wall Vessels) 2.3. Strength Calculations 2.3.1. Cylindrical Wall 2.3.1.1. Stresses Due to Internal Pressure 2.3.1.2. Initial Stresses in Shrink Joints 2.3.1.3. Residual Stresses Due to Autofrettage 2.3.1.4. Thermal Stresses 2.3.1.5. Avoiding Brittle Fracture 2.3.2. Cylindrical Wall with Radial Bore 2.3.3. End Pieces 2.4. Corrosion in High‐Pressure Plant 2.5. Material Selection 2.6. Design Details 2.6.1. Corrosion Protection 2.6.2. Covers and Their Attachment 2.6.3. Cover Seals 2.6.4. Seals for Piping 2.7. Example of the Design of Pressure Vessels 3. High‐Pressure Machinery for Chemical Plants 3.1. Special Features of High‐Pressure Machines 3.2. Creation of Pressure by Pumps and Compressors 3.3. Pumps 3.3.1. Reciprocating Displacement Pumps 3.3.1.1. Metering Pumps 3.3.1.2. Transfer Pumps 3.3.2. Rotary Displacement Pumps 3.3.3. Centrifugal Pumps 3.3.3.1. Multistage Centrifugal Pumps 3.3.3.2. High‐Speed Centrifugal Pumps 3.3.3.3. Hermetic Centrifugal Pumps 3.4. Compressors 3.4.1. Piston Compressors 3.4.2. Diaphragm Compressors, Laboratory High‐Pressure Compressors 3.4.3. Turbo Compressors 3.5. Other High‐Pressure Machines 3.6. Special Problems Involving High‐Pressure Machines 3.6.1. Strength of the Components 3.6.2. Seals 3.6.3. Wear and Vibration 4. Piping and Fittings

Extraction Techniques and Analytical Methods for Characterization of Active Compounds in Origanum Species

“…The selection of the drying procedure impacts the total phenolic content. Freeze-drying retains higher levels of phenolic content in plant samples than air-drying [ 8 ].…”