High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the Seychelles (Indian Ocean).

Bovet, Pascal; Shamlaye, Conrad; Kitua, Andrew Y; Riesen, Walter; Paccaud, Fred; Darioli, R.

doi:10.1161/01.atv.11.6.1730

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Presently, 25.3% of Seychelles' adult population is overweight and 12.6% is obese. 11 However, if obesity tracks from childhood to adulthood in low and intermediate-income countries, 16 as has been described in high-income countries, 6,7 Seychelles may experience in the next decades a prevalence of adult obesity similar to or higher than those presently observed in the United States (17.9%). 17 Among the group of overweight or obese children, approximately 31% were obese in the Seychelles, as Obesity in the children of Seychelles N Stettler et al compared to approximately 5% in The Netherlands, 8% in Brazil, 10% in the UK, 15% in Singapore, 21% in the USA, and 22% in Hong Kong.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Prevalence and risk factors for overweight and obesity in children from Seychelles, a country in rapid transition: the importance of early growth

et al. 2002

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OBJECTIVES:To establish the prevalence of overweight and obesity and related risk factors in children from Seychelles (Indian Ocean), a country in rapid economic and epidemiological transition. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with retrospective access to early life data. SUBJECTS: All children from all schools of Seychelles, in four selected school grades (kindergarten, fourth, seventh and tenth year of obligatory school) in 1999. A total of 5514 children aged 4.5 -17.4 y were measured, corresponding to 83.5% of the eligible population. MEASUREMENTS: Overweight and obesity, using age-and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) cut-off points as defined by the International Obesity Task Force. RESULTS: Some 12.6% (95% confidence interval: 11.8 -13.5%) of the children were overweight and 3.8% (3.3 -4.4%) were obese. Weight gain (kg) during the first year of life was strongly associated with subsequent overweight (odds ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.27 -1.67) and obesity (1.59, 1.29 -1.97) in childhood, independently of birth weight. Increased maternal BMI (kg=m 2 ) was also associated with overweight (1.07, 1.03 -1.10) and obesity (1.09, 1.04 -1.14) in the offspring. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in Seychelles was as high as or higher than in some industrialized countries. If confirmed in other environments, the strong association between weight gain during the first year of life and subsequent obesity in childhood could affect the way optimal infant weight gain is defined in countries where public health priorities are changing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Prevalence and risk factors for overweight and obesity in children from Seychelles, a country in rapid transition: the importance of early growth

et al. 2002

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“…High levels of cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, were documented in the adult population in 1989 and 2004. 27,28 Data for this study came from a school-based national surveillance system including surveys every year of all children attending all public and private schools of Seychelles in four selected school grades: kindergarten (G0), fourth (G4), seventh (G7) and 10th year (G10) of obligatory school. 26 Data were collected during routine medical visits at school by more than a dozen of school nurses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of elevated blood pressure and association with overweight in children of a rapidly developing country

et al. 2006

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We assessed the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) and the association with excess body weight among a large sample of children in the Seychelles, a middle-income rapidly developing country in the African region. Weight, height and BP were measured in all children of four school grades in the Seychelles (Indian Ocean). Excess weight categories ('overweight' and 'obesity') were defined according to the criteria of the International Obesity Task Force. Two BP readings were obtained on one occasion. 'Elevated BP' was defined based on US reference tables. Data were available in 15 612 (86%) of 18 119 eligible children aged 5-16 years in [2002][2003][2004]. In all, 13.0% of Boys and 18.8% of girls were overweight or obese. The prevalence of elevated BP was 9.1% in boys and 10.1% in girls. Both systolic and diastolic BP were strongly associated with body mass index (BMI) in boys and in girls. In children with 'normal weight', 'overweight (and not obesity)' and 'obesity', respectively, proportions with elevated BP were 7.5, 16.9 and 25.2% in boys, and 7.5, 16.1 and 33.2% in girls. Overweight (including obesity) could account for 18% of cases of elevated BP in boys and 26% in girls. Further studies should examine the impact of the relationship between BMI and elevated BP on the burden of hypertension in the context of the epidemic of paediatric obesity.

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“…Population-based health examination surveys were conducted recently in these two countries according to a common protocol. In addition to their differences in genetic and economic backgrounds, the Seychelles population has a higher average BP compared to similar populations 15 while the Swiss population is characterized by a low average BP compared to other Western countries. 16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index, abdominal adiposity and blood pressure: consistency of their association across developing and developed countries

et al. 2002

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BACKGROUND: Obesity is increasing worldwide because developing countries are adopting Western high-fat foods and sedentary lifestyles. In parallel, in many of them, hypertension is rising more rapidly, particularly with age, than in Western countries. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between adiposity and blood pressure (BP) in a developing country with high average BP (The Seychelles, Indian Ocean, population mainly of African origin) in comparison to a developed country with low average BP (Switzerland, population mainly of Caucasian origin). DESIGN: Cross-sectional health examination surveys based on population random samples. SETTING: The main Seychelles island (Mahé) and two Swiss regions (Vaud-Fribourg and Ticino). SUBJECTS: Three thousand one hundred and sixteen adults (age range 35 -64) untreated for hypertension. MEASUREMENTS: Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, mean of two measures). METHODS: Scatterplot smoothing techniques and gender-specific linear regression models. RESULTS: On average, SBP and DBP were found to increase linearly over the whole variation range of BMI, WHR and WC. A modest, but statistically significant linear association was found between each indicator of adiposity and BP levels in separate regression models controlling for age. The regression coefficients were not significantly different between the Seychelles and the two Swiss regions, but were generally higher in women than in men. For the latter, a gain of 1.7 kg=m 2 in BMI, of 4.5 cm in WC or of 3.4% in WHR corresponded to an elevation of 1 mmHg in SBP. For women, corresponding figures were 1.25 kg=m 2 , 2.5 cm and 1.8% respectively. Regression coefficients for age reflected a higher effect of this variable on both SBP and DBP in the Seychelles than in Switzerland. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest a stable linear relation of adiposity with BP, independent of age and body fat distribution, across developed and developing countries. The more rapid increase of BP with age observed in the latter countries are likely to reflect higher genetic susceptibility and=or higher cumulative exposure to another risk factor than adiposity.

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High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the Seychelles (Indian Ocean).

Cited by 56 publications

References 15 publications

Prevalence and risk factors for overweight and obesity in children from Seychelles, a country in rapid transition: the importance of early growth

Prevalence and risk factors for overweight and obesity in children from Seychelles, a country in rapid transition: the importance of early growth

Prevalence of elevated blood pressure and association with overweight in children of a rapidly developing country

Body mass index, abdominal adiposity and blood pressure: consistency of their association across developing and developed countries

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