High prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae among clinical isolates in Burkina Faso

Abstract

BackgroundNothing is known about the epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to determine ESBL-PE prevalence and to characterize ESBL genes in Burkina Faso.MethodsDuring 2 months (June-July 2014), 1602 clinical samples were sent for bacteriologic investigations to the microbiology laboratories of the tree main hospitals of Burkina Faso. Isolates were identified by mass spectrometry using a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) BioTyper. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method on Müller-Hinton agar. The different ESBL genes in potential ESBL-producing isolates were detected by PCR and double stranded DNA sequencing. Escherichia coli phylogenetic groups were determined using a PCR-based method.ResultsESBL-PE frequency was 58 % (179 strains among the 308 Enterobacteriaceae isolates identified in the collected samples; 45 % in outpatients and 70 % in hospitalized patients). The CTX-M-1 group was dominant (94 %, CTX-M-15 enzyme), followed by the CTX-M-9 group (4 %). ESBL producers were more often found in E. coli (67.5 %) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (26 %) isolates. E. coli isolates (n = 202; 60 % of all Enterobacteriaceae samples) were distributed in eight phylogenetic groups (A = 49, B1 = 15, B2 = 43, C = 22, Clade I = 7, D = 37, F = 13 and 16 unknown); 22 strains belonged to the sequence type ST131. No association between a specific strain and ESBL production was detected.ConclusionsThis report shows the alarming spread of ESBL genes in Burkina Faso. Public health efforts should focus on education (population and healthcare professionals), surveillance and promotion of correct and restricted antibiotic use to limit their dissemination.

Prevalence and resistance profile of extended-spectrum -lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

“…One hundred and eighty-seven (38.5%) of the 486 isolates obtained were ESBL producing with 21.0% from male. This is in line with the reports of Siraj et al (2014) in Ethiopia and Ouedraogo et al (2016) in Burkina Faso in which urine yielded a higher number of bacterial isolates. Hijazi et al (2016) also reported a similar finding in Lebanon with male children having a higher colonization frequency (33.9%) of ESBL-E in contrast to their female counterparts that had a frequency of (15.9%).…”

“…Mathlouthi et al (2016) affirm this finding in their report of isolates from Tunisian and Libyan hospitals with 80% resistance to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin. Our report of 38.5% prevalence of ESBL-E in this study is relatively high; however a similar study by Ouedraogo et al (2016) in Burkina Faso recorded a higher prevalence of 58%. This variation in findings could be explained by the size, duration and area where the two studies were conducted.…”

“…To further substantiate this, Farra et al (2016) identified the high rate of faecal carriage of ESBL-E in healthy children in Bangui Central African Republic which portend a high risk of continuous dissemination of multi-drug resistant pathogen with grave consequences to the general health of the public. However there is paucity of information and extended study of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) in Ouagadougou of which study conducted has been restricted to single health centers (Zeba et al, 2007;Métuor-Dabiré et al, 2014;Ouedraogo et al, 2016). Hence this study aimed to determine the prevalence of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae in three of the major health centers (Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital (CHU-YO), Charles De Gaulle Paediatric Teaching Hospital (CHUP-CDG) and Saint Camille Hospital (HOSCO)) in Ouagadougou and to describe their resistance to antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of Gram negative bacterial infections.…”

Molecular Characterization of invasiveEnterobacteriaceaefrom Pediatric Patients in Central and Northwestern Nigeria

“…The results from our study however, reflect the global trend toward a pandemic spread of CTX-M-type ESBLs in various Enterobacteriaceae. These findings agree with other contemporary studies from around the world that show that ESBL genes of the CTX-M are dominant in Tanzania, Burkina Faso, Texas, Spain, Brazil, Latin America, [32][33][34][35][36][37]. In similarity to our findings, Ahmed et al [38] reported that blaTEM was the most frequent β-lactamase-encoding gene in Egypt.…”

Phenotypic detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli from clinical isolates in Niamey, Niger

“…The major ESBL E. coli producer (18.2%) was isolated from urine samples (Raut et al, 2015). Ouedraogo et al (2016) found that blood cultures had the highest proportion of ESBL isolates. In previous study, the distribution of ESBL producers was most prevalent in blood (22.2%) and urine samples (17.6%).…”