High prevalence of multidrug-resistant MRSA in a tertiary care hospital of northern India

Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important nosocomial and community pathogen. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of multidrug-resistant MRSA strains in clinical specimens and to investigate the sensitivity pattern of these strains against various antibiotics used for treating hospitalized and out patients. Strains were identified using standard procedures, and their sensitivity pattern was investigated using such techniques as disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the mecA gene PCR. Among 783 isolates of S. aureus, 301 (38.44%) were methicillin-resistant, of which 217 (72.1%) were found to be multidrug-resistant. Almost all MRSA strains were resistant to penicillin, 95.68% were resistant to cotrimoxazole, 92.36% were resistant to chloramphenicol, 90.7% were resistant to norfloxacin, 76.1% were resistant to tetracycline, and 75.75% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Vancomycin was the most effective drug, with only 0.33% of MRSA strains being resistant to it. It is concluded that antibiotics other than vancomycin can be used as anti-MRSA agents after a sensitivity test so as to preclude the emergence of resistance to it and that prevailing problems in chemotherapy will escalate unless indiscriminate and irrational usage of antibiotics is checked.

Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern and Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at Tertiary Care Hospital

“…In present study, MRSA was found most sensitive to Vancomycin (100%) followed by Linezolid (93%) and Tetracycline (64%). In our study, Vancomycin showed 100% sensitivity to all the MRSA isolates similar results were found by Khadri and Alzohairy (2010), Murugan et al, (2008), Arora and Arora (2010) and Hafeez et al, (2004) while study of Tiwari et al, (2008) and Prakash et al, (2007) showed 99.67% and 90.4% sensitivity respectively. In present study, Tetracycline (64%) showed higher sensitivity than the study of Khadri and Alzohairy (2010) (39%) and Tiwari et al, (2008) (23.9%).…”

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Tertiary Care Centre in Tumkur, India

“…Studies have shown that the prevalence of MRSA in different parts of India is not uniform (Tiwari et al, 2008).Variations have been seen between different regions and also between different hospitals in the same region (Joshi et al, 2013) emphasising the importance of antibiotic prescribing practices on the development of drug resistance. Table 5 lists the prevalence of MRSA in various studies across India.…”

“…Periodic analysis of the susceptibility patterns of the isolates is essential to guide empirical therapy. Continued monitoring of the antibiogram of MRSA can minimize the inappropriate prescription of specific anti-MRSA drugs, when other antibiotics would be effective (Tiwari et al, 2008). Periodic evaluation of the prevalence of resistant isolates and their susceptibility patterns is essential for every hospital to guide the formulation of appropriate antibiotic policy.…”

Prevalence and resistance pattern of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococci among orthopaedic patients in a tertiary institution in North western Nigeria

“…Over the last decade, methicillin resistant Staphylococci strains have become endemic in hospitals worldwide. Also, they are now an endemic community pathogen in many geographical regions (Tiwari and Sen, 2006;Lowy, 1998), the strains have also been reported to be implicated in causing progressively increased mortality, morbidity and increased health care costs (Cosgrove et al, 2003;Tiwari et al, 2008). This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococci among the orthopaedic patients in Ahmadu Bello University and their antibiotics resistance pattern.…”