High-rate cycling in 3D dual-doped NASICON architectures toward room-temperature sodium-metal-anode solid-state batteries

Abstract

3D architectures of Zn,Mg-dual doped NASICON to host sodium metal anode and perform sodium cycling at high current densities.

Sodium layered oxide cathodes: properties, practicality and prospects

“…In general, inherently non-flammable and non-flowing, inorganic solid electrolytes (ISEs) significantly bolster the safety performance in batteries, but their challenging processing remains a critical issue to address. 275,276 SPEs offer superior contact with electrodes, benefiting from the inherent flexibility and lower processing temperatures of polymers, which facilitate the ease of processing. However, these electrolytes still suffer from limited ionic conductivity and oxidation voltage, as well as inferior mechanical properties.…”

Building Stable Anodes for High‐Rate Na‐Metal Batteries

“…Accordingly, the Na | G-NASICON | Na symmetric cell has obtained a stable cycling for 50 h at 2 mA cm −2 for 2 mA h cm −2 . To further reduce the interfacial resistance and enhance the ISE's electrochemical performance, Wachsman et al [239] have synthesized a Zn 2+and Mg 2+ -codoped NASICON-type ISE of Na 3 Zr 2 SiPO 12 with an ALD-coated ZnO layer shows a very low interfacial resistance of 3.5 Ω cm −2 , which also obtains an improved ionic conductivity of 2.7 mS cm −1 and associated migration barrier of 0.29 eV (0.25 mS cm −1 and 0.36 eV for common undoped NASICON, respectively). Thus, allowing the Na symmetric cells by using trilayer dual-doped NASICON as the electrolyte and separator to achieve a highly stable cyclic performance at 5, 10, and 15 mA cm −2 for a total period of 620 h, and shorting occurred at an additional 146 h cycling at 30 mA cm −2 .…”

Cellulose-Encapsulated Composite Electrolyte Design: Toward Chemically and Mechanically Enhanced Solid-Sodium Batteries

“…Previous work shows that there are two possible ion transport pathways in a given composite electrolyte, the ceramic and the polymer constituent. − In either case, the constituent responsible for ion transport must exceed the ion percolation threshold. − Ion exchange across the ceramic and polymer interface was found to require substantial activation energy, and this process is usually coupled with decomposition chemistry. ,, In polymer-rich composites, low-weight-percentage oxide ceramic electrolytes were introduced and functioned as plasticizers. − In these systems, low conductivity and limited stability remain an issue. Recent work shows that it is feasible to fabricate ceramic-rich composites as Na + and Li + conductors, − although ceramic-rich Na-composites are not as well understood as Li-composites. For example, Ren and co-workers demonstrated a cross-linking sodium thioantimonate (NSS)–polymer electrolyte, enabling the fabrication of solution-cast electrolyte membranes .…”