High Resolution Characterization of Ozone Data for Sites Located in Forested Areas of the United States

Lefohn, Allen S.; Pinkerton, J. E.

doi:10.1080/08940630.1988.10466489

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These concentrations vary both spatially and temporally. Using 8 yr of ambient monitoring data (1978)(1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985) Lefohn & Pinkerton (1988) identified the Ohio-River Valley and the Piedmont\ Mountain\Ridge-Valley physiographic regions of the eastern USA as having the highest ozone concentrations.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient ozone effects on forest trees of the eastern United States: a review

1998

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Tropospheric ozone can affect crop yield and has been reported to cause reductions in growth and biomass of forest tree species in laboratory and glasshouse studies. However, linkages between growth and ambient ozone concentrations in the field are not well established for forest trees. Ambient ozone concentrations have been shown to cause foliar injury on a number of tree species throughout much of the eastern USA. Symptom expression is influenced by endogenous and exogenous factors and, therefore, ozone-exposure\tree-response relationships have been difficult to confirm. Clearly defined, cause-effect relationships between visible injury and growth losses due to ozone have not been validated. Generalizations of sensitivity of forest trees to ozone are complicated by tree development stage, microclimate, leaf phenology, compensatory processes, within-species variation and other interacting stresses. In general, decreases in above-ground growth at ambient ozone levels in the eastern USA appear to be in the range of 0-10 % per year. However, these conclusions are based on a small number of tree species, with the vast majority of studies involving individual tree seedlings in a non-competitive environment. Comparative studies of small and large trees indicate that seedlings are not suitable surrogates for predicting responses of mature trees to ozone. Process-level modelling is a promising methodology that has been recently utilized to assess ozone effects on a stand to regional scale, indicating that ozone is affecting forest growth in the eastern USA. The extent and magnitude of the response is variable and depends on many edaphic and climatic factors. It is imperative when conducting assessment exercises, however, that forest biologists constantly keep in mind the tremendous variability that exists within natural systems. Scaling of single site\physiological response phenomena from an individual tree to an ecosystem and\or region necessitates further research.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient ozone effects on forest trees of the eastern United States: a review

1998

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“…4 The monitoring site is located more than 50 km from any town with a population greater than 50,000; thus, it fits the definition of a rural-remote site. 2 This area is located in the central Appalachian Mountains and is heavily forested with Appalachian mixed hardwoods. Dominant species include oak (Quercus spp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Ozone During Consecutive Drought and Wet Years at a Rural West Virginia Site

Edwards

Wood

Kochenderfer

1991

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…The procedure used to compute annual growing season statistics was identical to the one described by Lefohn and Pinkerton. 8 For computing annual growing season statistics and area-wide averages of these statistics, any site-year with data capture of 50 percent or greater for the April through October period was included. Ozone concentrations monitored during the April-October growing season were examined because elevated O 3 concentrations occur mainly during this period and O3 monitoring is frequently limited to this 7-month period.…”

Section: Area-wide Averages For the 1978-1988 Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Building upon the results reported by Lefohn and Pinkerton, 8 we have compared 1988 O3 data from remote forested sites with data from population-oriented monitoring sites in and around the mid-and southern Appalachian Mountains; in so doing, we have investigated the possibility that the use of data from population-oriented sites to describe O3 exposures in forested areas would result in exposure estimates greater than those that would be actually experienced in most forested areas. In addition, we have characterized the temporal variability of O3 exposures in forested regions of the United States and Canada for the period 1978-1988, with emphasis on the high O3 year, 1988.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%