High-resolution grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction for characterization of defects in crystal surface layers

Kondrashkina, Elena; Степанов, С. А.; Schmidbauer, M.; Opitz, R.; Köhler, R.; Rhan, H.

doi:10.1063/1.363838

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Grazing-incidence XRD was also performed to provide a depth profile information of the thin films and the analysis of amorphous, polycrystallinity and epitaxial thin films [37]. In this geometry, the X-ray beam irradiates the sample surface at a grazing incidence slightly larger than the critical angle of total reflection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of aluminum-doped zinc oxide films deposited at low temperature by radio-frequency sputtering on flexible substrates for solar cell applications

Fernández

Naranjo

2010

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

110

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of aluminum-doped zinc oxide films deposited at low temperature by radio-frequency sputtering on flexible substrates for solar cell applications

Fernández

Naranjo

2010

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

110

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“…Следует отметить, что попытки построения теоретических моде-лей скользящей дифракции в дефектных кристаллах предприни-мались ранее (например, [9][10][11]), однако последовательная дина-мическая теория пока отсутствует. В данной работе разработан ме-тод расчета диффузного рассеяния при скользящей рентгеновской дифракции в кристалле с дефектами типа центров дилатации.…”

Section: постановка задачиunclassified

Dynamical Theory of Grazing Diffuse Scattering of X-Rays by a Crystal with Subsurface Defect

Gaevskii¹,

Golentus²,

Molodkin³

2016

Metallofiz. Noveishie Tekhnol.

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“…Such a technique is called the grazing diffraction. For polycrystalline materials, this technique allows examining the structure, phase composition and microstructure of thin subsurface layer [75] and estimating the surface purity and roughness [76]; for thin films and epitaxial layers -diagnosing the heterostructures [77,78] even during their growth.…”

Section: High Resolution Diffraction Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High precision X-ray diffraction studies of polycrystalline materials on synchrotron radiation

Shmakov

2012

J Struct Chem

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The review is devoted to application of synchrotron radiation (SR) for studying the structure of polycrystalline materials. The main emphasis is made on the equipment and techniques for acquiring high precision structural information -high angular resolution powder diffractometry and the use of anomalous scattering effect in structural studies. Various schemes of recording the high resolution X-ray patterns are presented, diffractometers operating in the world's leading synchrotron radiation centers are described, and examples of particular applications are reported. S134 space, simplicity and reliability of such X-ray radiation source provided its wide use. X-ray tubes with Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo and Ag anodes are intensively employed in modern lab-scale diffractometers.The radiation intensity of X-ray tube is limited by the efficiency of heat removal from the anode. At the average anode current of 100 mA and voltage of 100 kV, a 10 kW power is released at the ∼1 mm 2 anode area. In the process, no more than 3% of the power is re-emitted in the X-ray range. Such mode of operation can be provided only by the tubes with a rotating anode, where the released power is distributed over a large surface area of the anode. At the same time, intensity of the radiation source determines numerous parameters of an X-ray diffractometer -the acquisition time of X-ray pattern, angular resolution, sensitivity of X-ray diffraction analysis, accuracy of experimental data, etc. Improvement of the source would open a way to radically new possibilities of X-ray diffraction studies.In the middle of the last century, the development of elementary particle physics resulted in creating the cyclic accelerators and then the storage rings, where charged high-energy particles follow the closed trajectories and collide at a site where beams meet to generate fluxes of particles -products of the interaction. Such experimental scheme provides a double gain in energy as compared to the case when accelerated particles are directed to a stationary heavy target. The particle flux density in counter beams is much lower than density of the target, so the probability of particles collision is also much lower. Nevertheless, the multiple -several million times a second -repetition of beam collisions gives an acceptable statistics for reasonable times. If the colliding particles have equal weights and opposite charges, counter beams can be stored in a single ring chamber, dimensions of the setup being halved at the retained energy of the particles. Cyclic colliders are very productive devices for elementary particle physics; however, a serious problem arose at the early stage of their applicationlosses of particle energy for radiation [4].Motion of a charged particle along a curved trajectory is accompanied by emission of electromagnetic radiation, the so-called magnetodeceleration or synchrotron radiation. Designers of cyclic accelerators tried to minimize the radiation losses, which resulted mainly in an increased size of setups; these losses were c...

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High-resolution grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction for characterization of defects in crystal surface layers

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Optimization of aluminum-doped zinc oxide films deposited at low temperature by radio-frequency sputtering on flexible substrates for solar cell applications

Optimization of aluminum-doped zinc oxide films deposited at low temperature by radio-frequency sputtering on flexible substrates for solar cell applications

Dynamical Theory of Grazing Diffuse Scattering of X-Rays by a Crystal with Subsurface Defect

High precision X-ray diffraction studies of polycrystalline materials on synchrotron radiation

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