High-resolution mapping and breeding application of a novel brown planthopper resistance gene derived from wild rice (Oryza. rufipogon Griff)

Abstract

Background The brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens Stål; BPH), one of the most destructive pests of rice, has proven to be a substantial threat, conferring enormous production losses in Asia and becoming a difficult challenge to manipulate and control under field conditions. The continuous use of insecticides promotes the resurgence of BPH, which results in resistant varieties adapting through the upgrading of new BPH biotypes. To overcome resistance acquired by BPH against resistance varieties, different forms of novel resistant gene fusions act as functional domains for breeding to enhance insect resistance. Results The current study reports on the novel BPH resistance gene Bph36 derived from two introgression lines (RBPH16 and RBPH17) developed from wild rice GX2183 which was previously reported to be resistant to BPH. Using two F 2 crossing populations (Kangwenqizhan × RBPH16 and Huanghuazhan × RBPH17) in a bulked segregant analysis (BSA) for identification of resistant genes and QTL analysis, two QTLs for BPH resistance were generated on the long and short arms of chromosome 4, which was further confirmed by developing BC 1 F 2:3 populations by backcrossing via marker assisted selection (MAS) approach. One BPH resistance locus on the short arm of chromosome 4 was mapped to a 38-kb interval flanked by InDel markers S13 and X48, and then was named Bph36 , whereas another locus on the long arm of chromosome 4 was also detected in an interval flanked by RM16766 and RM17033, which was the same as that of Bph27 . An evaluation analysis based on four parameters (BPH host selection, honeydew weight, BPH survival rate and BPH population growth rate) shows that Bph36 conferred high levels antibiosis and antixenosis to BPH. Moreover, Bph36 pyramided with Bph3 , Bph27 , and Bph29 through MAS into elite cultivars 9311 and MH511 (harbored Xa23 ), creating different background breeding lines that also exhibited strong resistance to BPH in the seedling or tillering stage. Conclusion Bph36 can be utilized in BPH resistance breeding programs to develop high resistant rice lines and the high-resolution fine mapping will facilitate further map-based cloning and marker-assisted gene pyramiding of resistant gene. MAS exploited to pyramid with Bph3 , Bph27 , Bph29 , and Xa23 was confirmed the effectiveness for BPH resistance breeding in rice and provided insights into the molecular mechanism of defense to control this devastating insect. Electronic supplementary material ...

Comparative iTRAQ proteomic profiling of proteins associated with the adaptation of brown planthopper to moderately resistant vs. susceptible rice varieties

“…Although insecticides can be used to control damage from BPH and other pests, over usage of them has led to BPH resurgence [10] and has caused environmental problems that threaten human health. Since the first resistant rice variety against BPH was discovered in 1969, more than 30 BPH resistance genes have been reported from different resistance sources [11]. We used a susceptible rice variety (TN1) as a control and a moderately resistant rice variety (YHY15) carrying the resistance gene BPH15 [12].…”

Identification of a novel locus, BPH38(t), conferring resistance to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) using early backcross population in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

“…Although several strategies are available to manage BPH infestation, building BPH resistance in rice plants by identifying and introgressing BPH resistance genes is the most convenient and efficient strategy. To date, 37 BPH resistance genes have been identified from cultivated and wild species of Oryza : BPH1 , BPH2 , BPH3 , BPH4, BPH5, BPH6, BPH7, BPH8, BPH9, BPH10, BPH11 (t) , BPH12 (t) ,BPH12, BPH13 (t), BPH14 , BPH15 , BPH16 (t), BPH17, BPH18, BPH19 (t) , BPH20, BPH21, BPH22 (t) , BPH23 (t) ,BPH24 (t) , BPH25 (t) , BPH26 (t), BPH27 , BPH28, BHP29,BPH30, BPH31, BPH32,BPH33 , BPH3 and BPH35, BPH36 and BPH37 (Khush et al 1985; Kabis and Khush 1988; Nemoto et al 1989; Ishii et al 1994; Murata et al 1998; Hirabayashi et al 1998; Renganayaki et al 2002; Yanget al 2002; Sharma et al 2003; Yang et al 2004; Hirabayashi et al 2004; Sun et al 2005; Chang-Chao et al 2006; Chen et al 2006; Jena et al 2006; Sai Harini et al 2010; Jairin et al 2007, 2010; Li et al 2019; Ram et al 2008; Rahman et al 2009; Du et al 2009; Qiu et al 2010; Deen et al 2010; Qiu et al 2012; Myint et al 2012; Huang et al 2013; Wu et al 2014; Wang et al 2015; Wang et al 2018; Ren et al 2016; Prahalada et al 2017; Kumar et al 2018; Naik et al 2018; Yang et al 2019; Yuexiong et al 2019). Among these, only eight genes ( BPH14, BPH17, BPH18, BPH26, BPH29, BPH9, BPH32, BPH31 and BPH6 ) were cloned and characterized (Du et al 2009; Tamura et al 2014; Liu et al 2015; Wang et al 2015; Ji et al 2016; Ren et al 2016; Zhao et al 2016; Guo et al 2018).…”

“…To date, 37 BPH resistance genes have been reported from different resistance sources (Li et al 2019; Yang et al 2019; Yuexiong et al 2019). Notably, the majority of the BPH resistance genes are mapped on six of the 12 chromosomes (2, 3, 4, 6, 11, and 12) and, reportedly, four clusters of BPH resistance loci are located on three chromosomes.…”

“…Cluster A is located on the long arm of chromosome12 and contains eight loci. Clusters B and D are located on the short and long arm of chromosome 4 containing 13 and four QTL/gene loci, respectively, including the recently identified BPH34 , BPH30, and BPH36 resistance genes located on chromosome 4 (Li et al 2019; Wang et al 2018; Kumar et al 2018). Cluster C is located on the short arm of chromosome 6, which includes six gene loci (Fujita et al 2013).…”

“…Later, population derived from Kangwengingzhan/RBPH16 and HHZ/RBPH17 (lines RBHH16 and RBPH17 derived from O . rufipogon accession GX2183) were used to map BPH36 and BPH27 on chromosome 4 [ BPH27 already reported by Huang et al (2013) on Chromosome 4], and BPH36 were fine mapped by using backcross population (Li et al 2019). Recently, Yang et al (2019) mapped a novel QTL BPH37 by using F 2:3 population derived from KWQZ/IR64 on chromosome 1, between RM 302 and YM35 markers.…”