High riverine CO2 emissions at the permafrost boundary of Western Siberia

Serikova, Svetlana; Pokrovsky, Oleg S.; Ala‐aho, Pertti; Казанцев, В. С.; Kirpotin, Sergey N.; Kopysov, Sergey G.; Krickov, Ivan V.; Laudon, Hjalmar; Manasypov, Rinat M.; Shirokova, Liudmila S.; Soulsby, Chris; Tetzlaff, Doerthe; Karlsson, Jon

doi:10.1038/s41561-018-0218-1

Cited by 83 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The CO 2 was produced at a rate of 2.6 g C m −2 day −1 in this reach, and the net ecosystem production the same day measured at the site M1 (~800 m downstream) was 2. Indeed, even considering the highest rate of photo-oxidation from Alaska (0.3 g C m −2 day −1 ; Cory et al, 2014), this process would only account for 20% of average CO 2 evasion in our streams, and an even lower fraction in other Arctic sites that have reported considerably higher evasion rates (Denfeld, Frey, Sobczak, Mann, & Holmes, 2013;Lundin, Giesler, Persson, Thompson, & Karlsson, 2013;Serikova et al, 2018).…”

Section: Diel Patterns In Co 2 Evasionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Stream metabolism controls diel patterns and evasion of CO₂ in Arctic streams

Rocher-Ros

Sponseller

Bergström

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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Streams play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycle, accounting for a large portion of CO2 evaded from inland waters despite their small areal coverage. However, the relative importance of different terrestrial and aquatic processes driving CO2 production and evasion from streams remains poorly understood. In this study, we measured O2 and CO2 continuously in streams draining tundra‐dominated catchments in northern Sweden, during the summers of 2015 and 2016. From this, we estimated daily metabolic rates and CO2 evasion simultaneously and thus provide insight into the role of stream metabolism as a driver of C dynamics in Arctic streams. Our results show that aquatic biological processes regulate CO2 concentrations and evasion at multiple timescales. Photosynthesis caused CO2 concentrations to decrease by as much as 900 ppm during the day, with the magnitude of this diel variation being strongest at the low‐turbulence streams. Diel patterns in CO2 concentrations in turn influenced evasion, with up to 45% higher rates at night. Throughout the summer, CO2 evasion was sustained by aquatic ecosystem respiration, which was one order of magnitude higher than gross primary production. Furthermore, in most cases, the contribution of stream respiration exceeded CO2 evasion, suggesting that some stream reaches serve as net sources of CO2, thus creating longitudinal heterogeneity in C production and loss within this stream network. Overall, our results provide the first link between stream metabolism and CO2 evasion in the Arctic and demonstrate that stream metabolic processes are key drivers of the transformation and fate of terrestrial organic matter exported from these landscapes.

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Section: Diel Patterns In Co 2 Evasionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Stream metabolism controls diel patterns and evasion of CO₂ in Arctic streams

Rocher-Ros

Sponseller

Bergström

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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“…The CO 2 gas transfer velocity (k, m d −1 ) can be estimated from k 600 , which is (Alin et al, ):

normalk = k_{600} \times {({normalS}_{ct} / 600)}^{- normaln},

where n is a coefficient that describes the water surface turbulent nature. Researchers chose n as 2/3 for smooth water surface and 1/2 for turbulent and rippled ones (Alin et al, ; Serikova et al, ). We used n = 1/2 given the relatively steep topography of the study sites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proportion of DIC species is controlled by pH with lower pH leading to higher CO 2 (Abril et al, 2015;Cai & Wang, 1998). Inland waters are generally supersaturated with CO 2 (Butman & Raymond, 2011;Mayorga et al, 2005;Raymond et al, 2013;Serikova et al, 2018), and the evasion of CO 2 from rivers and streams is a major source of CO 2 to the atmosphere and an important cycling process of riverine DIC (Marx et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Variability and Sources of DIC in Permafrost Catchments of the Yangtze River Source Region: Insights From Stable Carbon Isotope and Water Chemistry

Song

Wang

Mao

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

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Riverine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) exports play a central role in the regional and global carbon cycles. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal variability and sources of DIC in eight catchments in the Yangtze River source region (YRSR) with variable permafrost coverage and seasonally thawed active layers. The YRSR catchments are DIC-rich (averagely 25 mg C L −1 ) and export 3.51 g m −2 yr −1 of DIC. The seasonal changes of temperature, active layer, flow path, and discharge can alter DIC and stable carbon isotope of DIC (δ 13 C-DIC). The most depleted δ 13 C-DIC values were found in the thawed period, suggesting the soil-respired CO 2 during the active layer thaw period can promote bicarbonate production via H 2 CO 3 weathering. Spatially, δ 13 C-DIC values increased downstream, likely due to CO 2 outgassing and changed permafrost coverage and runoff. We found that evaporite dissolution and silicate weathering in the seasonally thawed active layer contributed 44.2% and 30.9% of stream HCO 3 -, respectively, while groundwater and rainwater contributed 16.7% and 7.3% of HCO 3 -, respectively. Pure carbonate rock weathering played a negligible role in DIC production. These results were compatible with δ 13 C-DIC source approximation results. Silicate weathering increased from initial thaw to thawed period, reflecting the active layer thaw and subsequent hydrology change impacts. Silicate weathering consumed 1.25 × 10 10 mol of CO 2 annually, while evaporite dissolution may produce CO 2 and neutralize this CO 2 sink. This study provides new understanding of the riverine DIC export processes of the YRSR. As permafrost degrades, the quantity, sources, and sinks of riverine DIC may also change spatiotemporally.

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“…Processes in Siberia with global consequences include (a) changes in albedo caused by changes in snow cover, cloud cover, vegetation type and aerosols from anthropogenic emissions and natural fires, (b) changes in biogeochemical cycles such as increased emissions of greenhouse gases resulting from changes in temperature and precipitation patterns (Pokrovsky et al 2015;Serikova et al 2018), (c) possible changes in the highly, annually variable ''Siberian High'' [climatological high pressure system: see, e.g. Marshall et al 2016], which will impact weather across much of Eurasia and (d) increases in extreme weather events outside the Arctic (e.g.…”

Section: The Main Global Consequences and Teleconnections Of Environmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving dialogue among researchers, local and indigenous peoples and decision-makers to address issues of climate change in the North

Callaghan

Kulikova

Rakhmanova

et al. 2019

Ambio

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The Circumpolar North has been changing rapidly within the last decades, and the socioeconomic systems of the Eurasian Arctic and Siberia in particular have displayed the most dramatic changes. Here, anthropogenic drivers of environmental change such as migration and industrialization are added to climateinduced changes in the natural environment such as permafrost thawing and increased frequency of extreme events. Understanding and adapting to both types of changes are important to local and indigenous peoples in the Arctic and for the wider global community due to transboundary connectivity. As local and indigenous peoples, decision-makers and scientists perceive changes and impacts differently and often fail to communicate efficiently to respond to changes adequately, we convened a meeting of the three groups in Salekhard in 2017. The outcomes of the meeting include perceptions of how the three groups each perceive the main issues affecting health and well-being and recommendations for working together better.

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High riverine CO2 emissions at the permafrost boundary of Western Siberia

Cited by 83 publications

References 46 publications

Stream metabolism controls diel patterns and evasion of CO₂ in Arctic streams

Stream metabolism controls diel patterns and evasion of CO₂ in Arctic streams

Spatiotemporal Variability and Sources of DIC in Permafrost Catchments of the Yangtze River Source Region: Insights From Stable Carbon Isotope and Water Chemistry

Improving dialogue among researchers, local and indigenous peoples and decision-makers to address issues of climate change in the North

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High riverine CO2 emissions at the permafrost boundary of Western Siberia

Cited by 83 publications

References 46 publications

Stream metabolism controls diel patterns and evasion of CO2 in Arctic streams

Stream metabolism controls diel patterns and evasion of CO2 in Arctic streams

Spatiotemporal Variability and Sources of DIC in Permafrost Catchments of the Yangtze River Source Region: Insights From Stable Carbon Isotope and Water Chemistry

Improving dialogue among researchers, local and indigenous peoples and decision-makers to address issues of climate change in the North

Contact Info

Product

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About

Stream metabolism controls diel patterns and evasion of CO₂ in Arctic streams

Stream metabolism controls diel patterns and evasion of CO₂ in Arctic streams