High sensitivity of brain octopamine levels to stress

Abstract

(1986) High sensitivity of brain octopamine levels to stress. Psychopharmacology, 88 (3 Abstract. Rats were submitted to unsignalled and uncontrolled electrical shocks. When re-exposed to the same situation but not shocked, 24 h later, their locomotor activity was significantly reduced compared to that of controls. This conditioned suppression was associated with a significant decrease in p-octopamine (OA) in brain stem and hypothalamus. Shocks delivered just before brain fixation produced an even larger decrease in cerebral OA. Heart levels of OA were not affected. Cerebral and peripheral levels of dopamine and noradrenaline were not significantly or reliably affected. These results, as those of previous experiments, suggest that octopamine is involved in emotional, neurovegetative responses to stress.

Neurobehavioral and neurodevelopmental profiles of a heuristic genetic model of differential schizophrenia- and addiction-relevant features: The RHA vs. RLA rats

“…reverses the suppression of activity of rats exposed to a context associated, through Pavlovian conditioning, with footshocks 24 h before (Delacour and Guenaire, 1983), it improves two-way active avoidance acquisition in Sprague-Dawley rats without affecting, or even reducing, baseline locomotor activity (David et al, 1982). The concentrations of p-octopamine in the brain stem and hypothalamus are negatively associated with the levels of emotional stress (Ennaceur et al, 1986). Abbreviations: BZ, benzodiazepine; BZ-R, benzodiazepine receptor; β-A-R, beta-adrenergic receptor; GABAA-R, g-aminobutyric acid-A receptor; ED, embryonic day; PND, postnatal day; μ-R, d-R, and k-R, μ-, d-, and kopioid receptors; PTZ, pentylenetetrazole.…”

“…heart rate) stress-and fear-related responses: regulation of fear and stress responses by CeA was more important in the RLA rats (ii)-Differential insulin resistance, metabolism and obesity in the Roman rat lines were measured, relating these processes with the rats' coping style and central dopaminergic function, and comparing them with the "proactive" and "passive", Wild-Type Groningen rats Boersma et al, 2009Boersma et al, , 2011aBoersma et al, ,b, 2012Evers et al, 2017 Paris, France / Delacour, Guenaire (i)-Compared with their RLA and RCA rat lines, RHA rats were impaired in non-spatial working memory and spatial learning/memory Guenaire and Delacour, 1985;Guenaire et al, 1986;Willig et al, 1991aWillig et al, -b, 1992 (ii)-Intracerebroventricular administration of p-octopamine, a trace amine reported to reverse some stress-hormonal responses and the context-conditioned suppression of locomotor activity, improved TWAA acquisition in RLA rats to the level of untreated RHA rats. Hippocampal lesions also markedly improved TWAA acquisition in RLA rats Becú-Villalobos et al, 1992;Coulon et al, 1989;David and Delacour, 1980;David et al, 1982;Delacour et al, 1983;Delacour and Guenaire, 1983;Ennaceur et al, 1986;Guenaire and Delacour, 1983 Bordeaux, France / Mormede (i)-Characterization of immunological, behavioral and neuroendocrine stress-and anxiety-related responses in Roman rats derived from the Roman/Verh lines, and analysis of the genetic association among some of these traits, as well as in differences in the selection trait, i.e. two-way active avoidance behavior.…”

Analysis of the automated delayed nonmatching-to-position task: The effects of changing contiguity between stimulus, response and reinforcement, and of providing a salient spatial cue within the apparatus

“…There have been some attempts to overcome the problem of motor mediation by modification of the design of the Skinner box apparatus (16,17,18,20,26) but there is as yet no convincing evidence that these modifications can eliminate motor mediation (3,18,19). Furthermore, issues such as apparatus asymmetry (17,18) and the contiguity between stimulus, response and reinforcement (16,17,18) have not been formally examined in these modified Skinner boxes.…”

Prenatal Ontogenesis of Brain Phenolamines and Catecholamines in Relation to Their Metabolizing Enzymes in Roman Avoider Strains of Rats

“…Moreover, a stress, or the exposure to a situation associated with it, significantly decreased brain O A levels (Ennaceur et al, 1986).…”