High serum nitrates levels in non-survivor COVID-19 patients

Lorente, Leonardo; Gómez-Bernal, Fuensanta; Martı́n, Marı́a; Navarro-Gonzálvez, J A; Argüeso, Mónica; Pérez, A. González; Ramos-Gómez, Luis; Solé‐Violán, Jordi; Ramos, José Alberto Marcos y; Ojeda, Nazario; Jiménez, Alejandro

doi:10.1016/j.medin.2020.10.003

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, serum 25(OH)D and iNOS levels were not correlated in healthy controls but negatively correlated in patients not receiving vitamin D supplementation and positively correlated in patients who received vitamin D supplementation. These results corroborate two other studies that observed increased blood nitrate and nitrite levels (metabolites reflecting total NO production) in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects [149] and higher serum nitrate levels in COVID-19 patients who died (n = 11) compared to those who survived (n = 42) [150].…”

Section: Potential Role Of Vitamin D In the Covid-19 Pandemicsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Immunologic Profile of Vitamin D and Its Role in Different Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Expert Opinion

Giannini

Giusti²,

Minisola

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Historically, vitamin D is recognized as an essential component for the maintenance of the musculoskeletal system. The immunomodulatory role of vitamin D in health and disease has gained much interest in recent years due to the many pathologies that share underlying immunological features where vitamin D has been shown to exert a potential role. Evidence from pre-clinical studies show that vitamin D elicits biological effects on both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Furthermore, in vivo studies have shown that administration of vitamin D can lead to changes in or the development of a range of immune-related diseases. This encourages the hypothesis that data derived from clinical and epidemiological studies connect vitamin D with the incidence and severity of many immune-mediated disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and infectious diseases. Since some other immune-mediated diseases share similar features to that of viral infection such as COVID-19, in this review, we examined these other areas and the role of vitamin D in these diseases.

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Section: Potential Role Of Vitamin D In the Covid-19 Pandemicsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Immunologic Profile of Vitamin D and Its Role in Different Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Expert Opinion

Giannini

Giusti²,

Minisola

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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“…Previously, we have determined HLA genetic polymorphisms [ 4 ], serum nitrates [ 7 ], and red blood cell distribution width in some of the patients [ 9 ]. The objective of our study was to assess apoptosis by determining the serum concentrations of sFas and Bcl2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood concentrations of proapoptotic sFas and antiapoptotic Bcl2 and COVID-19 patient mortality

Lorente

Martı́n

González-Rivero

et al. 2021

Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics

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Background: There are no data on circulating concentrations of sFas (proapoptotic protein of extrinsic pathway) and Bcl2 (antiapoptotic protein of intrinsic pathway) in COVID-19 patients. Thus, our objective study was to determine whether an association exists between serum concentrations of sFas and Bcl2 and COVID-19 patient mortality. Methods: This observational and prospective study of COVID-19 patients was performed in eight Intensive Care Units (ICU) from Canary Islands (Spain). Serum levels of sFas and Bcl2 at ICU admission were determined. Mortality at 30 days was the end-point study. Results: Surviving patients ( n = 42) compared to non-surviving ( n = 11) had lower APACHE-II ( p < 0.001), lower SOFA ( p = 0.004), lower serum sFas levels ( p = 0.001) and higher serum Bcl2 levels ( p < 0.001). Logistic regression showed an association between high serum sFas levels and mortality after controlling for APACHE-II (OR = 1.004; 95% CI = 1.101–1.007; p = 0.01) or SOFA (OR = 1.003; 95% CI = 1.101–1.106; p = 0.004), and between low serum Bcl2 levels and mortality after controlling for APACHE-II (OR = 0.927; 95% CI = 0.873–0.984; p = 0.01) or SOFA (OR = 0.949; 95% CI = 0.913–0.987; p = 0.01). Conclusions: Thus, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting blood levels of sFas and Bcl2 in COVID-19 patients and its association with mortality.

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“…However, the serum 25OHD level and NOS1 level were not correlated in healthy controls but negatively correlated in cases that did not receive supplementation, and correlated in cases that received supplementation in our study. Higher serum nitrate levels were also reported in non-surviving COVID-19 patients compared with surviving patients [56]. S100B is a Ca +2 binding protein mainly expressed by astrocytes and is used to detect glial activation or death in neurological disorders, or both [57].…”

Section: Vitamin D and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and Effective Vitamin D Supplementation May Present Better Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Patients by Altering Serum INOS1, IL1B, IFNg, Cathelicidin-LL37, and ICAM1

et al. 2021

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Background: We aimed to establish an acute treatment protocol to increase serum vitamin D, evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplementation, and reveal the potential mechanisms in COVID-19. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 867 COVID-19 cases. Then, a prospective study was conducted, including 23 healthy individuals and 210 cases. A total of 163 cases had vitamin D supplementation, and 95 were followed for 14 days. Clinical outcomes, routine blood biomarkers, serum levels of vitamin D metabolism, and action mechanism-related parameters were evaluated. Results: Our treatment protocol increased the serum 25OHD levels significantly to above 30 ng/mL within two weeks. COVID-19 cases (no comorbidities, no vitamin D treatment, 25OHD <30 ng/mL) had 1.9-fold increased risk of having hospitalization longer than 8 days compared with the cases with comorbidities and vitamin D treatment. Having vitamin D treatment decreased the mortality rate by 2.14 times. The correlation analysis of specific serum biomarkers with 25OHD indicated that the vitamin D action in COVID-19 might involve regulation of INOS1, IL1B, IFNg, cathelicidin-LL37, and ICAM1. Conclusions: Vitamin D treatment shortened hospital stay and decreased mortality in COVID-19 cases, even in the existence of comorbidities. Vitamin D supplementation is effective on various target parameters; therefore, it is essential for COVID-19 treatment.

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High serum nitrates levels in non-survivor COVID-19 patients

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

The Immunologic Profile of Vitamin D and Its Role in Different Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Expert Opinion

The Immunologic Profile of Vitamin D and Its Role in Different Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Expert Opinion

Blood concentrations of proapoptotic sFas and antiapoptotic Bcl2 and COVID-19 patient mortality

Rapid and Effective Vitamin D Supplementation May Present Better Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Patients by Altering Serum INOS1, IL1B, IFNg, Cathelicidin-LL37, and ICAM1

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