High-Speed Indoor Navigation System based on Visible Light and Mobile Phone

Fang, Junbin; Yang, Zhen; Long, Shun; Wu, Zhuoqi; Zhao, Xiaomeng; Liang, Funian; Jiang, Zoe L.; Chen, Zhe

doi:10.1109/jphot.2017.2687947

Cited by 76 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, when only one LED is captured, the positioning fails. In [15], the authors adopted the localization algorithm from [14], and, if only one LED luminaire is captured, the position of the receiver would be simply located at the position of corresponding LED luminaires. In other words, it is just proximity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Precision Indoor Visible Light Positioning Algorithm Based on Double LEDs Using CMOS Image Sensor

Guan

Zhang

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Visible Light Positioning (VLP) is widely recognized as a cost-effective solution for indoor positioning with increasing demand. However, the nonlinearity and highly complex relationship between three-dimensional world coordinate and two-dimensional image coordinate hinders the good performance of image-sensor-based VLP. Therefore, there is a need to develop effective VLP algorithms to locate the positioning terminal using image sensor. Besides, due to the high computational cost of image processing, most existing VLP systems do not achieve satisfactory performance in terms of real-time ability and positioning accuracy, both of which are significant for the performance of indoor positioning system. In addition, the accurate identification of the ID information of each LED (LED-ID) is important for positioning, because if the LED-ID is not recognized well, the positioning can only be achieved in a particular positioning unit and cannot be applied to a large scene with many LEDs. Therefore, an effective image-sensor-based double-light positioning system is proposed in this paper to solve the above problems. We also set up relevant experiments to test the performance of the proposed system, which utilizes the rolling shutter mechanism of the Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor. Machine learning was used to identify the LED-ID for better results. Simulation results show that the proposed double-light positioning system could deliver satisfactory performance in terms of both the real-time ability and the accuracy of positioning. Moreover, the proposed double-light positioning algorithm has low complexity and takes the symmetry problem of angle into consideration, which has never been considered before. Experiments confirmed that the proposed double-light positioning system can provide an accuracy of 3.85 cm with an average computing time of 56.28 ms, making it a promising candidate for future indoor positioning applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Precision Indoor Visible Light Positioning Algorithm Based on Double LEDs Using CMOS Image Sensor

Guan

Zhang

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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“…Using radio frequency (RF) communication channels, ZigBee, Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, and WiFi have all been used to develop indoor positioning systems [4]. However, the possibility of multipath reflections and interference with other RF-based devices makes RF unsuitable for indoor positioning [5]. The use of magnetic or induction-based systems and ultrasound systems has been investigated for indoor positioning, but these systems come with high installation costs [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RSS, AoA, fingerprinting, and image based techniques are also popular forms of LED-based indoor positioning with a very high accuracy [13,14]. Despite the high accuracy these techniques promise, LED-based indoor positioning and indoor positioning in general has been reported as a problem yet to be solved [5]. This is because these highly accurate positioning techniques have been approached with a view to increasing accuracy alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in real life situations, the complexity of the receiver (or mobile unit), the size (weight and volume) of the deployed hardware, the wearability of the receiver, and the positioning time are equally important factors. Ignoring these factors leads to systems that have complex algorithms which are computationally intensive and very expensive to implement [5]. When implemented, the receiver requires hardware of a large size which requires high amounts of electrical power for their operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Boundaries for LED-Based Indoor Positioning System

et al. 2019

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Overlap of footprints of light emitting diodes (LEDs) increases the positioning accuracy of wearable LED indoor positioning systems (IPS) but such an approach assumes that the footprint boundaries are defined. In this work, we develop a mathematical model for defining the footprint boundaries of an LED in terms of a threshold angle instead of the conventional half or full angle. To show the effect of the threshold angle, we compare how overlaps and receiver tilts affect the performance of an LED-based IPS when the optical boundary is defined at the threshold angle and at the full angle. Using experimental measurements, simulations, and theoretical analysis, the effect of the defined threshold angle is estimated. The results show that the positional time when using the newly defined threshold angle is 12 times shorter than the time when the full angle is used. When the effect of tilt is considered, the threshold angle time is 22 times shorter than the full angle positioning time. Regarding accuracy, it is shown in this work that a positioning error as low as 230 mm can be obtained. Consequently, while the IPS gives a very low positioning error, a defined threshold angle reduces delays in an overlap-based LED IPS.

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“…Some authors have proposed Optical Camera Communication for Visible Light Positioning (VLP). They are based on the extraction of different information from the camera's images and, in general, use them for estimating distances among reference points and mobile nodes [11,12]. Additionally, the use of OCC to carry out node identification (reference and/or target) has also been studied [13][14][15][16], achieving centimeter accuracy in small-room scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Ranging Technique Based on Optical Camera Communications and Time Difference of Arrival

Rabadán

Guerra

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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In this work, a new Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) scheme for distance measurement based on Optical Camera Communication (OCC) systems is proposed. It relies on the use of optical pulses instead of radio-frequency signals as the time reference triggers, and the introduction of a rolling shutter camera, whose characteristics allows substituting the timer modules used in conventional TDoA techniques by image processing of the illuminated area in the picture. This processing on the camera’s images provides time measurements and implies and specific analysis, which is presented in this work. The system performance and properties, such as resolution and range, mainly depends on the camera characteristics, such as the frames capture rate and the image quality. This new technique is suitable to be implemented in smartphones or other Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) devices equipped with a camera and speakers.

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High-Speed Indoor Navigation System based on Visible Light and Mobile Phone

Cited by 76 publications

References 16 publications

High Precision Indoor Visible Light Positioning Algorithm Based on Double LEDs Using CMOS Image Sensor

High Precision Indoor Visible Light Positioning Algorithm Based on Double LEDs Using CMOS Image Sensor

Optical Boundaries for LED-Based Indoor Positioning System

A Novel Ranging Technique Based on Optical Camera Communications and Time Difference of Arrival

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