High‐Speed Video Observations of Recoil Leaders Producing and Not Producing Return Strokes in a Canton‐Tower Upward Flash

Wu, Bin; Lyu, Weitao; Qi, Qi; Ma, Ying; Chen, Lyuwen; Jiang, Ruijiao; Zhu, Yanan; Rakov, Vladimir A.

doi:10.1029/2019gl083862

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Also shown are the source location of C1 (dark gray) and NC (light gray) and their propagation path (two black dashed arrows). The 2D speed of the breakdown D propagating from point S4 to S5 was estimated to be about 1.44 × 10 6 m s −1 , which is consistent with the speed of recoil leaders (Qie et al., 2019; Sun et al., 2016; Wu et al., 2019). It suggests that the breakdown D might retrograde on a preconditioned channel during the path from S4 to S5.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

A Rocket‐Triggered Lightning Flash Containing Negative‐Positive‐Negative Current Polarity Reversal During Its Initial Stage

Sun

Jiang

et al. 2021

JGR Atmospheres

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A rocket-triggered lightning flash containing negative-positive-negative current polarity reversal during its initial stage is analyzed using multiple synchronized observation data. The flash was triggered under a thunderstorm transition zone between the convective region and the stratiform region. The upward positive leader branched and developed toward the stratiform region. When the negative initial continuous current was decreasing, a negative stepped leader was transformed from a recoil leader on a preexisting positive branch. As the negative leader developed toward the convective region, a breakdown process initiated on a preexisting positive channel and propagated toward the back end of the negative stepped leader, accompanied with a positive electric field change pulse. The current polarity changed from negative to positive about 0.22 ms after the onset of the breakdown process. The negative leader terminated after propagating for 71.08 ms, while scattered discharges on other positive branches maintained to develop, and then the ICC polarity changed from positive to negative. LI ET AL.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

A Rocket‐Triggered Lightning Flash Containing Negative‐Positive‐Negative Current Polarity Reversal During Its Initial Stage

Sun

Jiang

et al. 2021

JGR Atmospheres

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“…It was indeed observed in Mazur et al. (2013) (see Figure 4) and (Wu et al., 2019) that, in the beginning, the positive end was propagating slower than the negative, and after some time, the positive leader seems to cease to propagate.…”

Section: Bidirectional Recoil Leader Propagationmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Even in the cases for which we did have more than one frame, it is also possible that the positive end was no longer propagating after the first frame. It was indeed observed in Mazur et al (2013) (see Figure 4) and (Wu et al, 2019) that, in the beginning, the positive end was propagating slower than the negative, and after some time, the positive leader seems to cease to propagate. However, we have observed bidirectional propagation in three RLs belonging to Flash #2: one AL and two RSs (see Figure 13).…”

Section: Bidirectional Recoil Leader Propagationmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…They have also been observed to occur in ALs in both tower-initiated lightning (Jiang et al, 2014) and rocket-triggered lightning (Qie et al, 2017). Wu et al (2019) and Zhu et al (2019) observed bidirectional propagation in the DL phase of a tower-initiated upward flash preceding the RS phase. Warner et al (2012) reported one of the biggest HSC data sets of upward lightning recording 81 upward flashes during a period of 6 years from 10 different towers.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Bidirectional Recoil Leaders in Upward Lightning Flashes Observed at the Säntis Tower

et al. 2021

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Upward lightning typically initiates from tall-grounded structures (greater than about 100 m) or from moderately tall structures (tens of meters) located in an elevated terrain. Understanding the mechanism of initiation of upward lightning is an important research topic because this type of lightning is predominant for tall structures such as telecommunications towers and wind turbines.Several tall structures have been instrumented for lightning observations over the world (e.g., the Gaisberg, Peissenberg, Säntis, Skytree and CN towers). Measurements on these towers have led to reports on lightning current measurements (e.g.,

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“…The FOVs of them were shown in Figure 1 in B. Wu et al. (2019). The space scale and propagation speed of the lightning channel were estimated using the focal length, pixel size, and the number of pixels of the high‐speed cameras, and the distance relative to the strike point.…”

Section: Instrumentation and Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Documented Downward Positive Cloud‐to‐Ground Lightning Initiated by an Upward Negative Lightning

Jiang

Lyu

et al. 2021

JGR Atmospheres

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An interesting downward positive cloud‐to‐ground lightning (DPCG) initiated by an upward negative cloud‐to‐ground lightning (UNCG) was recorded by the instruments installed at the Tall‐Object Lightning Observatory in Guangzhou. The characteristics of the discharges before and after the DPCG return stroke were investigated in detail using both optical and electric field change data. The UNCG was triggered from the tip of the Canton Tower (600 m high) by a distant +CG lightning. A sequence of intracloud (IC) discharges developed toward and connected to several pre‐existing channels of the UNCG. As a result, some positive charge was pumped from remote thundercloud regions to the region around the intersection of the pre‐existing and new channels. A branch of one IC channel developed from the intersection point toward the ground, transformed into a downward positive leader, terminated on the ground, and resulted in a positive return stroke. After that, the discharge processes in the cloud continued to neutralize the remaining positive charge. The UNCG served to facilitate the IC discharges that supplied positive charges for the DPCG. Most of the charge involved in the UNCG‐initiated DPCG originated from remote positively charged regions in the cloud. These observations constitute evidence for a new scenario of the initiation of +CG lightning.

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High‐Speed Video Observations of Recoil Leaders Producing and Not Producing Return Strokes in a Canton‐Tower Upward Flash

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

A Rocket‐Triggered Lightning Flash Containing Negative‐Positive‐Negative Current Polarity Reversal During Its Initial Stage

A Rocket‐Triggered Lightning Flash Containing Negative‐Positive‐Negative Current Polarity Reversal During Its Initial Stage

Bidirectional Recoil Leaders in Upward Lightning Flashes Observed at the Säntis Tower

First Documented Downward Positive Cloud‐to‐Ground Lightning Initiated by an Upward Negative Lightning

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