High-Speed X-ray Cineradiography for Analyzing Complex Kinematics in Living Insects

Betz, Oliver; Rack, Alexander; Schmitt, C.; Ershov, Alexey; Dieterich, Andreas; Körner, Lars; Haas, David J.; Baumbach, Tilo

doi:10.1080/08940880802406091

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Betz et al, 2008;Westneat et al, 2008) is a useful tool that makes it feasible to perform analyses of general mouthpart coordination in insects, including all mouthpart elements, and to aid in understanding the often complex kinematics of single mouthpart elements (e.g. of the maxillae).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For X-ray cineradiography, synchrotron light sources generate a photon beam that (1) propagates quasi-parallel, (2) has fluxes that are by orders of magnitude higher than laboratory sources and (3) allows the exploitation of more sophisticated contrast modalities (Betz et al, 2008). The use of synchrotron radiation is thus the next step in fast-imaging development, i.e.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, the technique of in vivo high-speed X-ray imaging Socha et al, 2007;Westneat et al, 2008;Betz et al, 2008;Schmitt et al, 2009;Rack et al, 2010) enables the display of overlapping structures in the interior of living animals with high temporal resolution and thus reveals the function of internal organ systems. For X-ray cineradiography, synchrotron light sources generate a photon beam that (1) propagates quasi-parallel, (2) has fluxes that are by orders of magnitude higher than laboratory sources and (3) allows the exploitation of more sophisticated contrast modalities (Betz et al, 2008).…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analyses of the mouthpart kinematics in Periplaneta americana (Blattodea, Blattidae) by using Synchrotron-based X-ray cineradiography

Schmitt

Rack

Betz

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The kinematics of the biting and chewing mouthparts of insects is a complex interaction of various components forming multiple jointed chains. The non-invasive technique of in vivo cineradiography by means of synchrotron radiation was employed to elucidate the motion cycles of the mouthparts in the cockroach Periplaneta americana. Digital X-ray footage sequences were used in order to calculate predefined angles and distances, each representing characteristic aspects of the movement pattern. We were able to analyze the interactions of the mouthpart components and to generate a functional model of maxillary movement by integrating kinematic results, morphological dissections and fluorescence microscopy. During the opening and closing cycles, which take about 450-500 ms on average, we found strong correlations between the measured maxillary and mandibular angles, indicating a strong neural coordination of these movements. This is manifested by strong antiphasic courses of the maxillae and the mandibles, antiphasic patterns of the rotation of the cardo about its basic articulation at the head and by the deflection between the cardo and stipes. In our functional model of the maxilla, its movement pattern is explained by the antagonistic activity of four adductor-promotor muscles and two abductor-remotor muscles. However, beyond the observed intersegmental and bilateral stereotypy, certain amounts of variation across subsequent cycles within a sequence were observed with respect to the degree of correlation between the various mouthparts, the maximum, minimum and time course of the angular movements. Although generally correlated with the movement pattern of the mandibles and the maxillary cardo-stipes complex, such plastic behaviour was especially observed in the maxillary palpi and the labium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analyses of the mouthpart kinematics in Periplaneta americana (Blattodea, Blattidae) by using Synchrotron-based X-ray cineradiography

Schmitt

Rack

Betz

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…5.5 Jlm. The image quality we achieved is high enough to perform a semi-automatic 2D image analysis of the acquired radiographic sequences [3]. Imaging with the X-ray beam only the head, the observed survival time of up to 1.5 minutes was sufficient to obtain good image sequences of naturally feeding cockroaches that made it possible to analyze several complete movement cycles of the mouthparts per individual.…”

Section: In Vivo Cine-radiography Of Insectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Synchrotron-based radioscopy with spatio-temporal micro-resolution using hard X-rays

Rack

García‐Moreno

Betz

et al. 2008

2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record

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The use of highly intense synchrotron light sources allows the next step in the fast imaging development: the use of hard X-rays. Micro-radiography as an established method to image the internal structure of an object with micrometer resolution can be extended to study its temporal evolution as well. While direct converting pixel detectors are known which can acquire images with high frame rates here detectors are needed with higher spatial resolution which can stand the highly intense synchrotron photon flux. Our approach is based on indirect pixel detectors which are already known for micro-imaging at synchrotron light sources. We combine those with eMOS cameras in order to achieve frame rates of up to 40000 images per second, thus progressing to micro-radioscopy. Potential applications are studies of living insects with moderate frame rates up to 250 images per second (4 ms exposure time), velocity fields within a semi-solid alloy during a thixo-casting process and ruptures of individual cell walls in a liquid metal foam imaged with up to 40000 frames per second (25 Jls exposure time).

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“…Refined detector technologies have enabled fascinating studies of breathing and crawling in insects using planar, two-dimensional X-ray imaging [5,6]. The chewing motions during feeding in the cockroach were studied using a radiographic time series at temporal resolutions of 4 ms [7]. More recently, gated tomographic reconstructions of the lungs in mice achieved voxel sizes as low as 20 µm and a temporal resolution of 17 ms [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Speed X-ray Imaging on the Fly

Schwyn

Walker

Doube

et al. 2013

Synchrotron Radiation News

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High-Speed X-ray Cineradiography for Analyzing Complex Kinematics in Living Insects

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Analyses of the mouthpart kinematics in Periplaneta americana (Blattodea, Blattidae) by using Synchrotron-based X-ray cineradiography

Analyses of the mouthpart kinematics in Periplaneta americana (Blattodea, Blattidae) by using Synchrotron-based X-ray cineradiography

Synchrotron-based radioscopy with spatio-temporal micro-resolution using hard X-rays

High-Speed X-ray Imaging on the Fly

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