High-strength silk protein scaffolds for bone repair

Mandal, Biman B.; Grinberg, Ariela; Gil, Eun Seok; Panilaitis, Bruce; Kaplan, David L.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1119474109

Cited by 356 publications

(316 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…PLGA screws composed of 82:18 or 80:20 PLA:PGA, commonly used in craniomaxillofacial surgeries, achieve a maximum shear stress of roughly 100 MPa 28,29 . Further, improvements to the silk material can be made with the addition of silk micro-fibres or silk micro-particles that have been shown to enhance mechanical properties 30,31 . However, the limitation of the current silk format is the hydrated mechanical strength, which is significantly decreased when compared with the dry samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of silk-based devices for fracture fixation

et al. 2014

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Metallic fixation systems are currently the gold standard for fracture fixation but have problems including stress shielding, palpability and temperature sensitivity. Recently, resorbable systems have gained interest because they avoid removal and may improve bone remodelling due to the lack of stress shielding. However, their use is limited to paediatric craniofacial procedures mainly due to the laborious implantation requirements. Here we prepare and characterize a new family of resorbable screws prepared from silk fibroin for craniofacial fracture repair. In vivo assessment in rat femurs shows the screws to be self-tapping, remain fixed in the bone for 4 and 8 weeks, exhibit biocompatibility and promote bone remodelling. The silk-based devices compare favourably with current poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid fixation systems, however, silk-based devices offer numerous advantages including ease of implantation, conformal fit to the repair site, sterilization by autoclaving and minimal inflammatory response.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of silk-based devices for fracture fixation

et al. 2014

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“…The use of an enzyme instead of the platinum particles deployed for the demonstrations of printed swimmers discussed above provides the potential for improved biocompatibility. SF is a versatile material due to its strong mechanical properties, [ 27 ] excellent biocompatibility, [ 28 ] adaptable biodegradability, [ 29 ] and easy processing. [ 30 ] It is an FDA approved biomaterial and has been used for many biomedical applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reactive Inkjet Printing of Biocompatible Enzyme Powered Silk Micro‐Rockets

Gregory

Zhang

Smith

et al. 2016

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Inkjet‐printed enzyme‐powered silk‐based micro‐rockets are able to undergo autonomous motion in a vast variety of fluidic environments including complex media such as human serum. By means of digital inkjet printing it is possible to alter the catalyst distribution simply and generate varying trajectory behavior of these micro‐rockets. Made of silk scaffolds containing enzymes these micro‐rockets are highly biocompatible and non‐biofouling.

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“…In this work, 40% infill was used to fabricate the PVA moulds for the dual-pore scaffolds, resulting in inter-filament distance of 800-850 μm. Salt leaching as the source of random pores gives the possibility to control the pore sizes range by choosing the size distribution of the salt crystals to mimic the anatomical features of the tissues or organs required to be engineered [26]. In this study, the NaCl crystals were used directly as provided by the supplier, sizes ranging from 300 μm to 600 μm.…”

Section: Scaffold Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of scalable tissue engineering scaffolds with dual-pore microarchitecture by combining 3D printing and particle leaching

Mohanty

Sanger

Heiskanen

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oLimitations in controlling scaffold architecture using traditional fabrication techniques are a problem when constructing engineered tissues/organs. Recently, integration of two pore architectures to generate dual-pore scaffolds with tailored physical properties has attracted wide attention in tissue engineering community. Such scaffolds features primary structured pores which can efficiently enhance nutrient/oxygen supply to the surrounding, in combination with secondary random pores, which give high surface area for cell adhesion and proliferation. Here, we present a new technique to fabricate dual-pore scaffolds for various tissue engineering applications where 3D printing of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) mould is combined with salt leaching process. In this technique the sacrificial PVA mould, determining the structured pore architecture, was filled with salt crystals to define the random pore regions of the scaffold. After crosslinking the casted polymer the combined PVA-salt mould was dissolved in water. The technique has advantages over previously reported ones, such as automated assembly of the sacrificial mould, and precise control over pore architecture/dimensions by 3D printing parameters. In this study, polydimethylsiloxane and biodegradable poly(ϵ-caprolactone) were used for fabrication. However, we show that this technique is also suitable for other biocompatible/biodegradable polymers. Various physical and mechanical properties of the dual-pore scaffolds were compared with control scaffolds with either only structured or only random pores, fabricated using previously reported methods. The fabricated dual-pore scaffolds supported high cell density, due to the random pores, in combination with uniform cell distribution throughout the scaffold, and higher cell proliferation and viability due to efficient nutrient/oxygen transport through the structured pores. In conclusion, the described fabrication technique is rapid, inexpensive, scalable, and compatible with different polymers, making it suitable for engineering various large scale organs/tissues.

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High-strength silk protein scaffolds for bone repair

Cited by 356 publications

References 57 publications

The use of silk-based devices for fracture fixation

The use of silk-based devices for fracture fixation

Reactive Inkjet Printing of Biocompatible Enzyme Powered Silk Micro‐Rockets

Fabrication of scalable tissue engineering scaffolds with dual-pore microarchitecture by combining 3D printing and particle leaching

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