High temperature arrest of inflorescence development in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.)

Björkman, Thomas; Pearson, Karen J.

doi:10.1093/jxb/49.318.101

Cited by 77 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Beppu et al (2001) stated that beginning HT treatment at the flower bud-developing stage induced double pistils of sweet cherry. The effects of HT exposure at the flower bud-developing stage on poor flower development were also reported in broccoli (Björkman and Pearson, 1998) and peanuts (Prasad et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effects of High Temperature on Pollen Quality, Ovule Fertilization and Development of Embryo and Achene in ‘Tochiotome’ Strawberry

Pipattanawong

Yamane

Fujishige

et al. 2009

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Effects of high temperature (HT) on pollen quality, ovule fertilization and development of embryo and achene were investigated in relation to fruit malformation in 'Tochiotome' strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). When the flower bud of the first inflorescence was developing, plants were transferred to HT (32/27°C) and control temperature (CT: 27/22°C) rooms. At anthesis, anthers were collected from flowers in the first (1st) and second (2nd) inflorescences to examine pollen viability and germination. Both viability and germination were not significantly different between the two temperatures and inflorescences. Approximately 90-93% of ovules were fertilized under CT in both inflorescences; however, the fertilized percentage of ovules in HT-1st was only 52% and significantly increased to 85% in HT-2nd. Embryo development in both inflorescences was accelerated by HT: embryos from HT regimes were in heart-and torpedo-shaped stages at 6 and 8 DAP while those of CT were still in globular-and heart-shaped stage. The transverse and longitudinal lengths of embryos under HT increased more rapidly than under CT. Embryo abortion in the globular stage was found at 2 and 6 DAP under HT-2nd. Relationships between the percentages of three types of achenes (unfertilized (Un), aborted (Ab), and normally developed (Nd) achenes) and degrees of fruit malformation were examined. Ripe fruits were graded into five fruit shape scores (0-4), 0 = well shaped fruit, and 4 = severely malformed. Nd achenes in CT-1st and CT-2nd were approximately 70% with fruit shape score; 0.8 and 0.2, respectively, whereas those in HT-1st and HT-2nd were 38 and 54% with high malformed shape score: 2.8 and 1.8. Un achene in HT-1st was 45%, while only 9% was found in HT-2nd. The Ab achenes rate was remarkably increased to 31% in HT-2nd treatment, these suggesting that the sudden rise of temperature after flower bud initiation lowered the ovule fertilization rate and raised the unfertilized achene rate, resulting in a high degree of fruit malformation in HT-1st, while longer HT increased achene abortion during early embryogenesis due to low pistil potential, and finally induced fruit malformation in HT-2nd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effects of High Temperature on Pollen Quality, Ovule Fertilization and Development of Embryo and Achene in ‘Tochiotome’ Strawberry

Pipattanawong

Yamane

Fujishige

et al. 2009

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…Among others, options for such treatment include organic mulches, which limit the growth of weeds, protect the soil from drying out and reduce the leaching of nutrients, resulting in a positive effect on the cultivated plant yield and improving its quality (Schonbeck and Evalylo 1998, Thakur et al 2000, Gajc-Wolska et al 2005, Ghosh et al 2006, Rahman et al 2006, Dahiya et al 2007, Saeed and Ahmad 2009). According to Björkman and Pearson (1998) and Birch et al (2000) plant growth conditions are the main determinant of the quality of their yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of soil mulching with straw on the yield and selected components of nutritive value in broccoli and tomatoes

Kosterna

2014

Folia Horticulturae

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By maintaining proper moisture and reducing daily temperature fluctuations, mulching improves soil conditions for plant growth and development, resulting in a positive effect on the vegetable yield. The chemical composition of vegetables is genetically determined as well as being modified by factors affecting the plant during growth, and particularly climatic conditions and agro-technology practices.

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“…Mulch increases soil porosity and suppresses weed growth (Uwah and Iwo 2011). Björkman and Pearson (1998) and Tan et al (2000) claim that plant's growth conditions are the main determinant of the quality of their yield.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The yield and quality of broccoli grown under flat covers with soil mulching

Kosterna

2014

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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The experiment was carried out between 2010 and 2012. Effect of plants covering and the kind of organic mulch applied to soil mulching on the yield and selected component of nutritive value in Milady F<sub>1</sub> broccoli cultivated for early harvest was investigated. The application of polypropylene fibre contributed to a significant increase in the marketable yield of broccoli on average by 5.25 t/ha, weight of head by 0.10 kg and length of arc by 1.44 cm. Increase of the content of chemical components as a result of plants covering amounted to 1.76% for dry matter, 2.50 mg/100 g fresh matter (FM) for ascorbic acid, 0.65% FM for total sugar and 0.15% FM for monosaccharides. All kinds of straw contributed to an increase in the broccoli yield and improvement its parameters. The highest marketable yield and weight of head was obtained in the plots mulched with buckwheat straw. Irrespective of covering, cultivation on the mulch with buckwheat straw contributed to a slight decrease in dry matter, total sugars content, whereas cultivation on the rye straw decreased ascorbic acid content.

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High temperature arrest of inflorescence development in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.)

Cited by 77 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of High Temperature on Pollen Quality, Ovule Fertilization and Development of Embryo and Achene in ‘Tochiotome’ Strawberry

Effects of High Temperature on Pollen Quality, Ovule Fertilization and Development of Embryo and Achene in ‘Tochiotome’ Strawberry

The effect of soil mulching with straw on the yield and selected components of nutritive value in broccoli and tomatoes

The yield and quality of broccoli grown under flat covers with soil mulching

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