High temperature combined with carbon dioxide enriched or reduced oxygen atmospheres for control of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Soderstrom, Edwin L.; Brandl, David G.; Mackey, Bruce E.

doi:10.1016/0022-474x(92)90002-8

“…However, at 3 % O 2 and 35°C, LT 50 levels were only marginally reduced . Soderstrom et al (1992) examined the influence of temperature over the range of 38-42°C on the influence of hypoxia and hypercarbia on T. castaneum adults for 60-h exposures. Although the different experimental conditions make comparison difficult, their results clearly indicate that increased temperatures could be used to reduce treatment duration.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperature and Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of modified and controlled atmospheres for the disinfestation of stored products

Navarro¹

2012

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Storage insects are aerobic organisms requiring oxygen for their survival. Therefore, they respond to altered atmospheric gas compositions containing low O 2 or high CO 2 . The lower the grain moisture content (m.c.) and the corresponding intergranular humidity, the higher the mortality-due to the desiccation effect on insects caused by low O 2 or elevated CO 2 concentrations. To achieve insect control, the temperature of the grain should be above 21°C. Hermetic storage is based on the principle of generation of an oxygen-depleted, carbon dioxide-enriched interstitial atmosphere caused by the respiration of the living organisms in the ecological system of a sealed storage. A sufficiently low oxygen and elevated CO 2 atmosphere is created through a natural metabolic process based on insect respiration and, in cases where the commodity has sufficiently high moisture, the respiration of the microorganisms within a sealed storage system. An O 2 ingress rate of 0.05 %/day is sufficient to arrest the theoretical weight loss at a level of 0.018 % over 1-year storage period. At this ingress rate, the possibility of a residual surviving insect population is eliminated. This low O 2 ingress level could serve as a guideline for the sealing specifications of structures appropriate to the hermetic storage method. The applications for which hermetic technology has been most widely accepted are (a) for longterm storage of cereal grains, primarily rice, corn, barley, and wheat; (b) for long-term storage of a variety of seeds to preserve germination potential and vigor, and (c) for quality preservation of high-value commodities, such as dried fruits.

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“…For example, increasing relative humidity from 40 to 60% at 26.7ЊC by using an atmosphere of 0.5% O 2 , 10% CO 2 , and 89.5% N 2 increased the time required to kill 95% of mature larvae and pupae of navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker), from 47.6 to 72.3 h, respectively (Soderstrom et al 1992). Temperature is also a critical factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Potential of Temperature, Controlled Atmospheres, and Ozone Fumigation to Control Thrips and Mealybugs on Ornamental Plants for Export

Hollingsworth¹,

Armstrong²

2005

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Ozone (O3) fumigation is a potential quarantine treatment alternative for controlling stored-product pests and surface insect pests on fresh agricultural commodities. We explored the effects of temperature, treatment time, controlled atmospheres, and vacuum in combination with O3 to control two important pests of ornamental crops: western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), and longtailed mealybug, Pseudococcus longispinus Targioni Tozzetti. Treatment parameters tested were O3 concentrations from 0 to 3,800 ppm, treatment durations were from 30 to 120 min, vacuums were from 0 to 0.41 bar below ambient, temperatures were from 32.2 to 40.6 degrees C, and controlled atmospheres were composed primarily of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or breathing air [BA]. Treatment efficacy was enhanced by higher O3 concentration and temperature, lower oxygen, and longer treatment times. Reduced pressure was not an important factor. Mealybugs were more difficult to kill than thrips. A 30-min treatment of O3 at approximately 200 ppm in 100% CO2 at 37.8 degrees C killed 47.9 and 98.0% of mealybugs and adult female thrips, respectively. All of the ornamentals tested were damaged to some degree by O3 treatments. However, crops with thick leaves such as orchids exhibited little damage, and the waxy portions of certain flowers were not damaged. The results suggest that O3 has potential as a quarantine treatment to control thrips and mealybugs on selected commodities.

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“…In general, raising relative humidity or lowering temperature increases the time required to kill insects by using controlled atmospheres (Soderstrom et al 1986, Zettler et al 2002. For example, increasing relative humidity from 40 to 60% at 26.7ЊC by using an atmosphere of 0.5% O 2 , 10% CO 2 , and 89.5% N 2 increased the time required to kill 95% of mature larvae and pupae of navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker), from 47.6 to 72.3 h, respectively (Soderstrom et al 1992). Temperature is also a critical factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Temperature, Controlled Atmospheres, and Ozone Fumigation to Control Thrips and Mealybugs on Ornamental Plants for Export

Hollingsworth

¹

,

Armstrong

²

2005

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Ozone (O3) fumigation is a potential quarantine treatment alternative for controlling stored-product pests and surface insect pests on fresh agricultural commodities. We explored the effects of temperature, treatment time, controlled atmospheres, and vacuum in combination with O3 to control two important pests of ornamental crops: western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), and longtailed mealybug, Pseudococcus longispinus Targioni Tozzetti. Treatment parameters tested were O3 concentrations from 0 to 3,800 ppm, treatment durations were from 30 to 120 min, vacuums were from 0 to 0.41 bar below ambient, temperatures were from 32.2 to 40.6 degrees C, and controlled atmospheres were composed primarily of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or breathing air [BA]. Treatment efficacy was enhanced by higher O3 concentration and temperature, lower oxygen, and longer treatment times. Reduced pressure was not an important factor. Mealybugs were more difficult to kill than thrips. A 30-min treatment of O3 at approximately 200 ppm in 100% CO2 at 37.8 degrees C killed 47.9 and 98.0% of mealybugs and adult female thrips, respectively. All of the ornamentals tested were damaged to some degree by O3 treatments. However, crops with thick leaves such as orchids exhibited little damage, and the waxy portions of certain flowers were not damaged. The results suggest that O3 has potential as a quarantine treatment to control thrips and mealybugs on selected commodities.

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High temperature combined with carbon dioxide enriched or reduced oxygen atmospheres for control of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Cited by 43 publications

References 3 publications

The use of modified and controlled atmospheres for the disinfestation of stored products

The use of modified and controlled atmospheres for the disinfestation of stored products

Potential of Temperature, Controlled Atmospheres, and Ozone Fumigation to Control Thrips and Mealybugs on Ornamental Plants for Export

Potential of Temperature, Controlled Atmospheres, and Ozone Fumigation to Control Thrips and Mealybugs on Ornamental Plants for Export

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