High-temperature polymers with record-high breakdown strength enabled by rationally designed chain-packing behavior in blends

Zhang, Qiyan; Chen, Xin; Zhang, Bing; Zhang, Tian; Lu, Wengchang; Chen, Zhe; Liu, Ziyu; Kim, Seong H.; Donovan, Brian F.; Warzoha, Ronald J.; Gomez, Enrique D.; Bernholc, J.; Zhang, Q.M.

doi:10.1016/j.matt.2021.04.026

Cited by 157 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Therefore, the packing density and defects of molecular chains can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of PI/PEI (wt%/wt%). Figure 4c presents the average interchain spacing of PI/PEI dielectric films as a function of PEI content [53]. The results showed that PI/PEI blends, with a ratio of 50/50, exhibited the smallest interchain spacing, 10% lower than that of unadulterated PI or PEI.…”

Section: Linear Dielectric Polymer Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is necessary to minimize these micro-and macrostructural defects in dielectric materials. Based on this analysis, researchers have effectively reduced the microstructural defects in polymers by reducing the free volume between molecular chains [53]. In brief, PI/PEI composite films with reduced weak points were obtained by a feasible blending strategy.…”

Section: Linear Dielectric Polymer Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Linear Dielectric Polymers and Their Nanocomposites for Energy Storage

2021

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As one of the most important energy storage devices, dielectric capacitors have attracted increasing attention because of their ultrahigh power density, which allows them to play a critical role in many high-power electrical systems. To date, four typical dielectric materials have been widely studied, including ferroelectrics, relaxor ferroelectrics, anti-ferroelectrics, and linear dielectrics. Among these materials, linear dielectric polymers are attractive due to their significant advantages in breakdown strength and efficiency. However, the practical application of linear dielectrics is usually severely hindered by their low energy density, which is caused by their relatively low dielectric constant. This review summarizes some typical studies on linear dielectric polymers and their nanocomposites, including linear dielectric polymer blends, ferroelectric/linear dielectric polymer blends, and linear polymer nanocomposites with various nanofillers. Moreover, through a detailed analysis of this research, we summarize several existing challenges and future perspectives in the research area of linear dielectric polymers, which may propel the development of linear dielectric polymers and realize their practical application.

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Section: Linear Dielectric Polymer Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Linear Dielectric Polymer Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Linear Dielectric Polymers and Their Nanocomposites for Energy Storage

2021

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“…[34,35] In parallel to the organic/inorganic polymer nanocomposites, all-organic multiphase polymeric dielectrics have been reported for the improvement of energy storage performances. [36] For the fabrication of all-organic multiphase dielectrics, two miscible dielectric polymers with respective advantages can be directly mixed or blended; [37][38][39][40][41] on the other hand, one organic component can be incorporated as fillers or coated as the surface layer for another matrix polymer, [42,43] which have been demonstrated as effective approaches to tune the electrical displacement and breakdown behaviors of polymers. For instance, more recently, it has been demonstrated that the introduction of a polymethyl methacrylate nano-layer onto the surface of PVDF film enables modified surface defects and increased Young's modulus, leading to remarkably improved breakdown strength of 767.05 kV mm −1 in the PVDF-based all-organic dielectric polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh Energy Density in Continuously Gradient‐Structured All‐Organic Dielectric Polymer Films

Jiang

Wang

Yan

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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High‐performance dielectric capacitors are critical for advanced electronics and electrical power systems. Polymeric dielectrics have been widely investigated for using in dielectric capacitors because of their high dielectric constants, flexibility, low density, and easy processability. However, it is still challenging to achieve simultaneous improvements in both energy density and efficiency in these dielectric polymers. Here, we report ferroelectric polyvinylidene‐fluoride‐based all‐organic dielectric polymer films with continuous compositional gradient structure are reported by modulating the spatial distribution of polymethyl‐methacrylate components, prepared via a facile and scalable additive manufacturing method. The continuous out‐of‐plane composition gradient in the all‐organic dielectric polymer films allows to tune electrical and mechanical behaviors, and thus induces a notably enhanced breakdown strength by modulating the electromechanical breakdown process related to the coupling of local electric field and stress. An ultrahigh discharge energy density of 38.8 J cm−3 along with a high discharge efficiency of >80% is achieved at the electric field of 800 kV mm−1 in the gradient polymer films, which is the highest energy density reported thus far in polymer‐based dielectrics including their nanocomposites and the highest energy efficiency achieved along with an energy density of >30 J cm−3.

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“…For example, Li et al crosslinked poly (chlorotrifluoroethylene-co-vinylidene fluoride), which showed improvement in the energy density and efficiency from 0.57 J/cm 3 and 37.9% to 4.33 J/cm 3 and 70% at 150°C, respectively ( Li et al, 2020 ). A variety of polymers with aromatic groups or fused-ring heterocyclic configurations on backbones, such as polyetherimide (PEI), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), have been investigated at higher temperatures (above 150°C) ( Li et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2022 ). The chemical modifications of polymer chains can significantly reinforce thermal stability but at the cost of polarization response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Energy Density and Temperature Stability in PVDF/PMMA via In Situ Polymerization Blending

Liu

Gao

et al. 2022

Front. Chem.

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Dielectrics with improved energy density have long-standing demand for miniature and lightweight energy storage capacitors for electrical and electronic systems. Recently, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based ferroelectric polymers have shown attractive energy storage performance, such as high dielectric permittivity and high breakdown strength, and are regarded as one of the most promising candidates. However, the non-negligible energy loss and inferior temperature stability of PVDF-based polymers deteriorated the energy storage performance or even the thermal runaway, which could be ascribed to vulnerable amorphous regions at elevated temperatures. Herein, a new strategy was proposed to achieve high energy density and high temperature stability simultaneously of PVDF/PMMA blends by in situ polymerization. The rigidity of the amorphous region was ideally strengthened by in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomers in a PVDF matrix to obtain PVDF/PMMA blends. The atomic force microscopic study of the microstructure of etched films showed the ultra-homogenous distribution of PMMA with high glass transition temperature in the PVDF matrix. Consequently, the temperature variation was remarkably decreased, while the high polarization response was maintained. Accordingly, the high energy density of ∼8 J/cm3 with ∼80% efficiency was achieved between 30 and 90 °C in PVDF/PMMA films with 39–62% PMMA content, outperforming most of the dielectric polymers. Our work could provide a general solution to substantially optimize the temperature stability of dielectric polymers for energy storage applications and other associated functions.

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High-temperature polymers with record-high breakdown strength enabled by rationally designed chain-packing behavior in blends

Cited by 157 publications

References 35 publications

An Overview of Linear Dielectric Polymers and Their Nanocomposites for Energy Storage

An Overview of Linear Dielectric Polymers and Their Nanocomposites for Energy Storage

Ultrahigh Energy Density in Continuously Gradient‐Structured All‐Organic Dielectric Polymer Films

High Energy Density and Temperature Stability in PVDF/PMMA via In Situ Polymerization Blending

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