High-Throughput Method for Detection of Arbovirus Infection of Saliva in Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus

Abstract

Vector competence refers to the ability of a vector to acquire, maintain, and transmit a pathogen. Collecting mosquito saliva in medium-filled capillary tubes has become the standard for approximating arbovirus transmission. However, this method is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Here we compare the capillary tube method to an alternative high-throughput detection method the collection of saliva on paper cards saturated with honey, with (FTA card) and without (filter paper) reagents for the preservation of nucleic acid for Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes infected with two emerging genotypes of the chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Model results showed that the Asian genotype CHIKV dissemination in the harvested legs of both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus increased the odds of females having a positive salivary infection and higher salivary viral titers, while for the IOL genotype the same effect was observed only for Ae. aegypti. Of the three tested detection methods, the FTA card was significantly more effective at detecting infected saliva of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus females than the capillary tube and filter paper was as effective as the capillary tube for the Asian genotype. We did not find significant effects of the detection method in detecting higher viral titer for both Asian and IOL genotypes. Our results are discussed in light of the limitations of the different tested detection methods.

O ensino da temática “controle da proliferação do mosquito Aedes aegypti” a partir de um texto de divulgação científica

“…Além disso, é importante destacar que, em casos de epidemias como as provocadas pelas doenças veiculadas pelo Aedes aegypti, os surtos epidêmicos também possuem uma forte relação com os fatores intrínsecos do mosquito, tais como plasticidade comportamental, rápido desenvolvimento, resistência dos ovos à dessecação, competência vetorial para várias arboviroses e antropofilia (adaptação aos hábitos humanos), sendo necessário que as ações de controle levem em conta cada um destes aspectos (HONÓRIO et al, 2020). Tais fatores não foram considerados pelos alunos nas suas respostas, verificando que eles depositavam toda confiança nas ações de controle e contenção de responsabilidade dos órgãos públicos, bem como nos cientistas.…”

Extreme infectious titer variability in individual Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with Sindbis virus is associated with both differences in virus population structure and dramatic disparities in specific infectivity

“…The titer of infectious virus in a mosquito is potentially of epidemiological importance because there is likely a positive correlation between virus titer in the mosquito and transmission risk. For example, in a study examining infection of Aedes aegypti by another alphavirus, chikungunya virus, it was found that for each 10-fold increase in viral titer in the mosquito legs there was a 49% increase in the probability of detecting virus in the saliva [14]. Interestingly, numerous studies have documented that there is often extensive variation in arbovirus titer between individual mosquitoes after being given an infectious blood meal.…”

Educação em saúde no controle do Aedes aegypti – da teoria à prática

“…É importante destacar que essas epidemias também possuem uma forte relação com os fatores intrínsecos do vetor Aedes aegypti, tais como, plasticidade comportamental, rápido desenvolvimento, resistência dos ovos à dessecação, competência vetorial para várias arboviroses e antropofilia (adaptação aos hábitos humanos) sendo necessário que as ações de controle levem em conta cada um destes aspectos (Carvalho & Moreira 2017;Honório et al, 2020;Aragão et al, 2019;Mukherjee et al, 2019).…”