2011
DOI: 10.3390/md9101761
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High-Value Components and Bioactives from Sea Cucumbers for Functional Foods—A Review

Abstract: Sea cucumbers, belonging to the class Holothuroidea, are marine invertebrates, habitually found in the benthic areas and deep seas across the world. They have high commercial value coupled with increasing global production and trade. Sea cucumbers, informally named as bêche-de-mer, or gamat, have long been used for food and folk medicine in the communities of Asia and Middle East. Nutritionally, sea cucumbers have an impressive profile of valuable nutrients such as Vitamin A, Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin B2 … Show more

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Cited by 681 publications
(543 citation statements)
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References 118 publications
(152 reference statements)
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“…Sea cucumbers was also reported as aphrodisiacs due to their bioactive compounds, such as triterpene glycosides (saponins), chondroi tin sulf ate, glycosaminoglycans, polysaccharides sulfate, plant sterols (glycosides and sulfates), phenolics, peptides, collagen, cerbrosida, and lectins (Bordbar et al, 2011). Sea cucumbers are rich in proteins that contain essential amino acids, mainly glycine, glutamic acid and arginine.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Sea cucumbers was also reported as aphrodisiacs due to their bioactive compounds, such as triterpene glycosides (saponins), chondroi tin sulf ate, glycosaminoglycans, polysaccharides sulfate, plant sterols (glycosides and sulfates), phenolics, peptides, collagen, cerbrosida, and lectins (Bordbar et al, 2011). Sea cucumbers are rich in proteins that contain essential amino acids, mainly glycine, glutamic acid and arginine.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, glycine and glutamic acid play a role as an essential component to synthesize glutathione that lead to stimulating NK cell activation and proliferation. Arginine may improve immune cells by promoting the activation and proliferation of T cells (Bordbar et al, 2011). Amino acid components of sea cucumbers have an important role in the regulation of immune function.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…More recently, they have also been noted in sponges (Thompson et al, 1985;Kubanek et al, 2000) and in chrysomelid beetles (Plasman et al, 2000a, b). Saponins have been reported to possess a wide range of biological activities including hemolytic, antitumoral, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-bacterial, cytostatic, and ichthyotoxic properties (Kalinin et al, 1996a(Kalinin et al, , b, 2008Prokofeva et al, 2003;Bordbar et al, 2011). Many of these activities are the result of their cytotoxic action-that is, their capacity to induce disturbances, up to lysis, in cellular membranes (Kalinin et al, 1996a).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%