High Visceral Fat Area Attenuated the Negative Association between High Body Mass Index and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Chinese People

Li, Cheng; Kang, Bingxian; Zhang, Ting; Gu, Hongru; Man, Qingqing; Song, Pengkun; Liu, Zhen; Chen, Jingyi; Wang, Xile; Xu, Bin; Wang, Zhao; Jian, Zhang

doi:10.3390/healthcare8040479

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In relation to the effects of resistance training on BFM, sarcopenia often is associated with obesity due to changes in endocrine function and a lack of physical activity leading to reduced muscle mass and strength. Older people with sarcopenia tend to show high levels of body fat and visceral fat [ 52 ]. When sarcopenia is combined with obesity, it is called sarcopenic obesity (SO).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of resistance training in healthy older people with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Chen

Feng

et al. 2021

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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Objective We conducted a meta-analysis to analyze the effects of resistance training on measures of body composition, muscle strength, and muscle performance in older people with sarcopenia. Methods All randomized controlled trials on the effects of resistance training on outcome variables in older people with sarcopenia were searched on Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang. Data from January 2010 to October 2020 were reviewed. Two researchers extracted data and evaluated the quality of the studies that met the inclusion criteria independently. Meta-analysis for pre-post changes were calculated as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Fourteen studies meeting inclusion criteria included 561 healthy older adults (age 65.8 to 82.8) with sarcopenia. Compared with the control group, resistance training had positive effects on body fat mass (SMD = -0.53, 95% CI − 0.81 to − 0.25, p = 0.0002, I2 = 0%), handgrip strength (SMD = 0.81, 95%CI 0.35 to 1.27, p = 0.0005, I2 = 81%), knee extension strength (SMD = 1.26, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.80, p < 0.0001, I2 = 67%), gait speed (SMD = 1.28, 95%CI 0.36 to 2.19, p = 0.006, I2 = 89%), and the timed up and go test (SMD = -0.93, 95% CI − 1.30 to − 0.56, p < 0.0001, I2 = 23%). Resistance training had no effects on appendicular skeletal muscle mass (SMD = 0.25, 95% CI − 0.27 to 0.78, p = 0.35, I2 = 68%), skeletal muscle mass (SMD = 0.27, 95% CI − 0.02 to 0.56, p = 0.07, I2 = 0%) and leg lean mass (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI − 0.25 to 0.50, p = 0.52, I2 = 0%). Old people with sarcopenia of different ages, genders or diagnostic criteria and weights have different gains in muscle mass, handgrip strength, knee extension strength and muscle performance after different intervention duration, frequencies, mode and intensity resistance training. Conclusion Resistance training is an effective treatment to improve body fat mass, muscle strength, and muscle performance in healthy older people with sarcopenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of resistance training in healthy older people with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Chen

Feng

et al. 2021

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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“…A combination of reduced lean body mass and increased visceral fat is also associated with decreased physical function, increased risk of disability, worsening hospitalization, increased morbidity, and premature mortality [27]. An increase in visceral fat can lead to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, which can in turn lead to low muscle mass and sarcopenia in the elderly [28]. In addition, decreased movement due to loss of skeletal muscle function accelerates muscle fat infiltration, which is closely related to physical inactivity [29].…”

Section: Table 3 Logistic Regression Analysis Of Obesity Defined By B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of high body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage with sarcopenia in older women

2022

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Background Age-related obesity and body composition changes include loss of muscle mass and increased body fat. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in the impact of sarcopenia, defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), on obesity in Korean older adults. Methods In this 2-year longitudinal study, 3014 participants were excluded based on AWGS sarcopenia parameters (if any one of the sarcopenic parameter criteria was satisfied), including low handgrip strength (HGS), low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), and low short physical performance battery (SPPB). A total of 926 non-sarcopenic participants were recruited for the study. The obese and non-obese groups were compared according to the sarcopenia parameters. The following variables were selected for obesity analysis: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage. Unadjusted and fully adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed for each variable to predict sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity according to sex. Results Among the sarcopenia parameters, reduction in ASMI was significantly lower in the obese group with high WC and percentage of body fat (PBF) in both men and women (P < 0.01). Multivariable analysis revealed that different obesity parameters were associated with AWGS criteria: women in the high BMI group presented significantly lower ASMI and sarcopenia (ASMI, OR = 0.289, 95% CI = 0.174-0.480; sarcopenia, OR = 0.152, 95% CI = 0.048-0.483). Women in the high WC group had significantly lower ASMI and sarcopenia (ASMI, OR = 0.307, 95% CI = 0.189-0.500; sarcopenia, OR = 0.262, 95% CI = 0.106-0.649). Women in the high PBF group had a lower incidence of sarcopenia (OR = 0.214, 95% CI = 0.068-0.278). Conclusions Our study identified that high BMI had a protective effect on the reduction of muscle mass in men and women. However, obesity parameters including BMI, WC, and PBF were positively correlated with a lower incidence of sarcopenia only in women. Obesity in older women may have a protective effect in reducing ASMI and the incidence of sarcopenia.

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“…A Japanese study found elderly diabetes patients with low BMI and high body fat mass may be more likely to develop sarcopenia ( 17 ). Without taking body fat into account, subjects with high BMI tend to have more lean body mass ( 18 , 19 ). Therefore, BMI might reflect lean mass in elderly diabetes patients ( 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative skeletal muscle index for sarcopenia diagnosis in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A pilot study

Liu

Yin

2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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PurposeTo determine an alternative skeletal muscle index (a-SMI), easy diagnosis of sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Patients and methodsThis cross-sectional study included 223 inpatients with T2DM (100 males, age range 60-89; 123 females, age range 60-87). Screening for grip strength and gait speed, measuring SMI by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (d-SMI) for sarcopenia diagnosis, according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 consensus. The a-SMI was established by binary logistic regression analysis with positive screening population. To assess the conformance of the new diagnostic approach with the AWGS 2019.ResultsSarcopenia was present in 36.3% of the study population. 59 had normal d-SMI and 81 had low d-SMI in screening patients with probable sarcopenia. In univariate analyses for all positive screening population, body mass index (BMI), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 - (OH) VitD), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hypertension (HTN), and gender were correlates of d-SMI. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that male (B = 2.463, 95%CI: 3.640 ~ 37.883, p = 0.000), HTN (B = 1.404, 95%CI: 1.599 ~ 10.371, p = 0.003), BMI (B = -0.344, 95%CI: 0.598 ~ 0.839, p = 0.000), 25-(OH) VitD (B = -0.058, 95%CI: 0.907 ~ 0.982, p = 0.004) were independent factors for d-SMI detection. Based on the extracted four correlates, the a-SMI was determined. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.842, sensitivity and specificity for the new diagnostic approach were 84.0% and 84.5%. In a statistical measure of agreement between the AWGS 2019 and the new diagnostic approach, the kappa coefficient was 0.669 (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe a-SMI - based on gender, obesity status, 25-(OH) VitD, and HTN history - can be used in the absence of the d-SMI to supplement the algorithm for sarcopenia diagnosis in elderly patients with T2DM.

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High Visceral Fat Area Attenuated the Negative Association between High Body Mass Index and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Chinese People

Cited by 8 publications

References 54 publications

Effects of resistance training in healthy older people with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Effects of resistance training in healthy older people with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Association of high body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage with sarcopenia in older women

Alternative skeletal muscle index for sarcopenia diagnosis in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A pilot study

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