High-voltage electrical discharges induced by an ultrashort-pulse UV laser system

Rambo, Patrick K.; Schwarz, Jens; Diels, Jean‐Claude

doi:10.1088/1464-4258/3/2/309

Cited by 70 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In contrast, promising results have been obtained using focused ultrashort laser pulses to trigger and guide high-voltage discharges over several meters in the laboratory [205,206]. Similar results have been obtained on smaller scales using UV ultrashort lasers [136]. Filaments provide an even longer conducting path.…”

Section: Laser-triggered High-voltage Discharges and Lightning Controlmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Experiments in the infrared [135] and in the ultraviolet [136], as well as numerical simulations [135,137,138] under "moderate" turbulence ( C n 2 = 3x10 -13 m -2/3 , corresponding to the upper limit for atmospheric values) have shown that the pointing statistics of the filaments transmitted through turbulence obey a Rayleigh-distribution law. Moreover, they can propagate through localized, strongly turbulent regions, up to five orders of magnitude above typical atmospheric conditions [139].…”

Section: Propagation Through Turbulencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current work focuses on the possibility to extend the plasma lifetime using auxiliary lasers in order to increase the possible guiding length and improve the scalability to atmospheric scales. This approach relies on reheating and photodetaching electrons of the plasma channel by subsequent pulses, either in the nanosecond [136] or in the femtosecond regime [210]. Although a high power of the subsequent laser pulse is generally considered necessary for efficiently photodetaching electrons from O 2 -ions in the plasma, it was recently demonstrated that a subsequent YAG laser pulse of moderate energy (sub-Joule) at 532 nm efficiently increases of an infrared femtosecond laser [211].…”

Section: Laser-triggered High-voltage Discharges and Lightning Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physics and applications of atmospheric nonlinear optics and filamentation

2008

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Abstract:We review the properties and applications of ultrashort laser pulses in the atmosphere, with a particular focus on filamentation. Filamentation is a non-linear propagation regime specific of ultrashort and ultraintense laser pulses in the atmosphere. Typical applications include remote sensing of atmospheric gases and aerosols, lightning control, laserinduced spectroscopy, coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering, and the generation of sub-THz radiation. References and Links 1. P. L. Kelley, "Self-focusing of optical beams," Phys. Rev. Lett. 15, 1005-1008 (1965); Erratum in Phys.Rev. Lett. 16, 384 (1965) 2. G. A. Askar'yan, "The self-focusing effect," Sov. Phys. J. 16 680 (1974) 3. A. Braun, G. Korn, X. Liu, D. Du, J. Squier, G. Mourou, "Self-channeling of high-peak-power femtosecond laser pulses in air," Opt. Lett. 20, 73-75 (1995) 4. L. Roso-Franco, "Self-reflected wave insid a very dense saturable absorber," Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 2149-2151 (1985) 5. R. R. Alfano, S. L. Shapiro, "Emission in the region 4000 to 7000 Å," Phys. Rev. Lett. 24, 584-587 (1970) 6. R. R. Alfano, S. L. Shapiro, "Observation of self-phase modulation and small-scale filaments in crystals and glasses," Phys. Rev. Lett. 24, 592-595 (1970) 7.R. R. Alfano, S. L. Shapiro, "Direct distortion of electric clouds of rare-gas atoms in intense electric fields," Phys. Rev. Lett. 24, 1217Lett. 24, -1220Lett. 24, (1970. A. Brodeur, S. L. Chin, "Ultrafast white-light continuum generation and self-focusing in transparent condensed media," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 637-650 (1999) 9. Y. Shen, "The principles of nonlinear optics," John Wiley & Sons (1984) 10. G. Yang, Y. Shen, "Spectral broadening of ultrashort pulses in a nonlinear medium," Opt. Lett. 9, 510-512 (1984) 11. A. L. Gaeta, "Catastrophic collapse of ultrashort pulses, Phys. Rev. Lett." 84, 3582-3585 (2000) 12. K. Ranka, R. W. Schirmer, A. L. Gaeta, "Observation of pulse splitting in nonlinear dispersive media," Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3783-3786 (1996) 13. A. Proulx, A. Talebpour, S. Petit, S. L. Chin, "Fast pulsed electric field created from the self-generated filament of a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser pulse in air," Opt. Commun. 174, 305-309 (2000) 14. S. Tzortzakis, M. A. Franco, Y.-B. André, A. Chiron, B. Lamouroux, B. S. Prade, A. Mysyrowicz, "Formation of a conducting channel in air by self-guided femtosecond laser pulses," Phys. Rev. E 60, R3505-R3507 (1999) 15. S. Tzortzakis, B. Prade, M. Franco, A. Mysyrowicz, "Time evolution of the plasma channel at the trail of a self-guided IR femtosecond laser pulse in air," Optics Commun. 181, 123-127 (2000) 16. H. Schillinger, R. Sauerbrey, "Electrical conductivity of long plasma channels in air generated by selfguided femtosecond laser pulses," Appl. Phys. B 68, 753-756 (1999) 17. D. Strickland, G. Mourou, "Compression of amplified chirped optical pulses," Opt. Commun. 56, 219-221 (1985) #89041 556-558 (1968). Note that the radius considered in the classical writing of Marburger's formula is the half-width at ...

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Section: Laser-triggered High-voltage Discharges and Lightning Controlmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Propagation Through Turbulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laser-triggered High-voltage Discharges and Lightning Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physics and applications of atmospheric nonlinear optics and filamentation

2008

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“…To further increase the energy deposition, bundles of filaments can be used, or an electric discharge can be guided along the laser-ionized path. 35 This technique provides a very efficient method of quickly heating a line of air. The rapidly deposited energy of such heating methods not only creates a low-density swath of gas, but also results in the necessary cylindrical shock wave propagating outward from the originally heated path (described in the next section).…”

Section: B Past Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Study of Shock Mitigation and Drag Reduction by Pulsed Energy Lines

2006

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A series of numerical experiments were performed in which energy was deposited ahead of a cone traveling at supersonic/hypersonic speeds. The angle of attack was zero, and the cone half-angles ranged from 15 to 45 deg. The Mach numbers simulated were 2, 4, 6, and 8. The energy was deposited instantaneously along a finite length of the cone axis, ahead of the cone's bow shock, causing a cylindrical shock wave to push air outward from the line of deposition. The shock wave would sweep the air out from in front of the cone, leaving behind a low-density column/tube of air, through which the cone (vehicle) propagated with significantly reduced drag. The greatest drag reduction observed was 96%. (One-hundred percent drag reduction would result in the complete elimination of drag forces on the cone.) The propulsive gain was consistently positive, meaning that the energy saved as a result of drag reduction was consistently greater than the amount of energy "invested" (i.e., deposited ahead of the vehicle). The highest ratio of energy saved/energy invested was approximately 6500% (a 65-fold "return" on the invested energy). We explored this phenomenon with a high-order-accurate multidomain weighted essentially nonoscillatory finite difference algorithm, using interpolation at subdomain boundaries. This drag-reduction/shock-mitigation technique can be applied locally or globally to reduce the overall drag on a vehicle.

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“…Ultrashort laser filaments [9][10][11] can trigger (with breakdown threshold reduction by typically 30 %) and guide high-voltage discharges both in the near-infrared [12][13][14][15] and in the ultraviolet [6,[16][17][18]. Laser filaments have also been used as a probe to investigate the dynamics of high-voltage discharges [19,20], streamers [21] and leaders [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shockwave-assisted laser filament conductivity

Schubert

Mongin

Produit

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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We investigate the influence of ultrashort laser filaments on high-voltage discharges and spark-free unloading at various repetition rates and wind conditions. For electric fields well below, close to and above the threshold for discharges, we respectively observe remote spark-free unloading, discharge suppression, and discharge guiding. These effects rely on an indirect consequence of the thermal deposition, namely the fast dilution of the ions by the shockwave triggered by the filament at each laser shot. This dilution drastically limits recombination and increases the plasma channel conductivity that can still be non-negligible after tens or hundreds of milliseconds. As a result, the charge flow per pulse is higher at low repetition rates.

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High-voltage electrical discharges induced by an ultrashort-pulse UV laser system

Cited by 70 publications

References 19 publications

Physics and applications of atmospheric nonlinear optics and filamentation

Physics and applications of atmospheric nonlinear optics and filamentation

Computational Study of Shock Mitigation and Drag Reduction by Pulsed Energy Lines

Shockwave-assisted laser filament conductivity

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