High-yield synthesis of carbon nanotubes using a water-soluble catalyst support in catalytic chemical vapor deposition

Eftekhari, Ali; Jafarkhani, Parvaneh; Moztarzadeh, F.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2005.12.006

Cited by 70 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The wash with acid cause's detrimental effects on the CNFs and acid is even released into the environment. So water soluble supports, such as sodium chloride [14], potassium chloride [15] and calcium chloride [16], have also been used to synthesize CNFs in order to avoid the use of acid. The basic idea behind using a water soluble support returns to Steigerwalt and Lukehart [17] who employed silicate or carbonate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibres on Sodium Chloride Support

Rajarao

Bhat

2012

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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Large scale synthesis of carbon nanofibres (CNFs) on a sodium chloride support has been achieved. CNFs have been synthesized using metal oxalate (Ni, Co and Fe) as catalyst precursors at 680 C by chemical vapour deposition method. Upon pyrolysis, this catalyst precursors yield catalyst nanoparticles directly. The sodium chloride was used as a catalyst support, it was chosen because of its non-toxic and water soluble nature. Problems, such as the detrimental effect of CNFs, the detrimental effects on the environment and even cost, have been avoided by using a water soluble support. The structure of products was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The purity of the grown products and purified products were determined by the thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction method. Here we report the 7600, 7000 and 6500 wt% yield of CNFs synthesized over nickel, cobalt and iron oxalate. The long, curved and worm shaped CNFs were obtained on Ni, Co and Fe catalysts respectively. The lengthy process of calcination and reduction for the preparation of catalysts is avoided in this method. This synthesis route is simple and economical, hence, it can be used for CNF synthesis in industries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibres on Sodium Chloride Support

Rajarao

Bhat

2012

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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“…At present, the synthesis of nanostructured carbon materials, such as carbon nanotubes or mesoporous carbon, generally relies on very harsh conditions, for example, electric-arc discharge techniques, [1] catalytical chemical vapor deposition, [2] catalytic pyrolysis of organic compounds, [3] or high-temperature (800°C) hydrothermal conversion from amorphous carbon. [4] For this reason, the search for new synthetic strategies for the generation of carbon materials with controllable microand nanostructures has been an appealing topic in materials chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication and Coating of Silica Templates by Hydrothermal Carbonization

Titirici

Thomas

Antonietti

2007

Adv Funct Materials

255

153

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Hierarchical carbon materials with functional groups residing at the surface are prepared for the first time by using nanostructured silica materials as templates in combination with hydrothermal carbonization at mild temperatures (180 °C). Different carbon morphologies (e.g., macroporous casts, hollow spheres, carbon nanoparticles, and mesoporous microspheres) can be obtained by simply altering the polarity of the silica surface. The surface functionality and hydrophilicity of the resulting materials are assessed by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron analysis, and water porosimetry. Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction measurements show that the materials are of the carbon‐black type, similar to charcoal.

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“…It is not surprising that CVDproduced CNTs dominated applications in nano-laminates. However, there are published reports [22] which suggest that the quality of CNTs produced by CVD were not as good as those produced by the other two methods. Nevertheless, it still seems challenging to produce a particular type of CNTs, say SWCNTs, with uniform dimensions and physical properties.…”

Section: Materials Characteristics Of Laminate Hosts and Cntsmentioning

confidence: 94%