Highlight on Advances in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease in North America

Mirsaeidi, Mehdi; Farshidpour, Maham; Allen, Mary Beth; Ebrahimi, Golnaz; Falkinham, Joseph O.

doi:10.1155/2014/919474

Cited by 61 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Some studies suggest that the incidence of NTM is as high as 15.5 cases per 100,000 in persons over 50 years of age in the United States [2-4]. This increase has been attributed to improvements in investigative methodologies such as 16S rNA gene sequencing to detect the presence of mycobacteria and awareness of the importance of NTM species as human pathogens [5,6]. Several studies have attempted to define the phenotypic characteristics of patients with NTM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender susceptibility to mycobacterial infections in patients with non-CF bronchiectasis

Mirsaeidi

Sadikot

2015

International Journal of Mycobacteriology

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Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental microbes that cause a variety of diseases both in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Epidemiologic data indicate that there has been a global rise in the incidence of NTM infections. It has also been noted that NTM infections have a predilection to occur in postmenopausal women. In a recent study, it was demonstrated that in patients with non-CF bronchiectasis the probability of NTM isolation was significantly higher in elderly female patients and in those with a low body mass index. However, the mechanisms of causality of these gender differences and morpho-phenotypes remain enigmatic. The present study reviews the data and plausible mechanisms which might provide clues to this gender susceptibility and morphophenotypes of patients with bronchiectasis and NTM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender susceptibility to mycobacterial infections in patients with non-CF bronchiectasis

Mirsaeidi

Sadikot

2015

International Journal of Mycobacteriology

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“…NTM are ubiquitous in the environment (2), constitute the majority of species (169 species) in the genus Mycobacterium (3), and are largely considered nonpathogenic. They are assuming public health importance, however, as they cause opportunistic infections of all body parts in both humans and animals (1,4). The abilities of NTM to cause disease vary among species (5,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolation of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria from the Environment of Ghanian Communities Where Buruli Ulcer Is Endemic

Aboagye

Ampah

Nakobu

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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This study aimed to isolate nontuberculous mycobacterial species from environmental samples obtained from some selected communities in Ghana. To optimize decontamination, spiked environmental samples were used to evaluate four decontamination solutions and supplemented media, after which the best decontamination solution and media were used for the actual analysis. The isolates obtained were identified on the basis of specific genetic sequences, including heat shock protein 65, IS2404, IS2606, rpoB, and the ketoreductase gene, as needed. Among the methods evaluated, decontamination with 1 M NaOH followed by 5% oxalic acid gave the highest rate of recovery of mycobacteria (50.0%) and the lowest rate of contamination (15.6%). The cultivation medium that supported the highest rate of recovery of mycobacteria was polymyxin B-amphotericin B-nalidixic acidtrimethoprim-azlocillin-supplemented medium (34.4%), followed by isoniazid-supplemented medium (28.1%). Among the 139 samples cultivated in the main analysis, 58 (41.7%) yielded mycobacterial growth, 70 (50.4%) had no growth, and 11 (7.9%) had all inoculated tubes contaminated. A total of 25 different mycobacterial species were identified. Fifteen species (60%) were slowly growing (e.g., Mycobacterium ulcerans, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium mantenii, and Mycobacterium malmoense), and 10 (40%) were rapidly growing (e.g., Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium fortuitum, and Mycobacterium abscessus). The occurrence of mycobacterial species in the various environmental samples analyzed was as follows: soil, 16 species (43.2%); vegetation, 14 species (38.0%); water, 3 species (8.0%); moss, 2 species (5.4%); snail, 1 species (2.7%); fungi, 1 species (2.7%). This study is the first to report on the isolation of M. ulcerans and other medically relevant nontuberculous mycobacteria from different environmental sources in Ghana. IMPORTANCEDiseases caused by mycobacterial species other than those that cause tuberculosis and leprosy are increasing. Control is difficult because the current understanding of how the organisms are spread and where they live in the environment is limited, although this information is needed to design preventive measures. Growing these organisms from the environment is also difficult, because the culture medium becomes overgrown with other bacteria that also live in the environment, such as in soil and water. We aimed to improve the methods for growing these organisms from environmental sources, such as soil and water samples, for better understanding of important mycobacterial ecology.

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“…1,3 Additionally, primary immunodeficiencies due to a mutation in the interferon-g (IFN-g) or interleukin-12 (IL-12) pathways can manifest rarely as disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in adults. 3 Monocytes 1 and natural killer cells 4 are active against mycobacteria via these and other pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%