Highly accurate radio environment mapping method based on transmitter localization and spatial interpolation in urban LoS/NLoS scenario

The fifth-generation (5G) system utilizing millimeter wave is available in Japan, but more bandwidth is demanded by the mobile phone operators to accommodate the demand for high data rate. Allocation of the vacant spectrum is impossible due to the past spectrum allocation to other radio systems. For example, 24.25-27.5 GHz has been allocated for the fixed wireless access (FWA) and license exempt small power data communication system in Japan. Although Japanese government is considering to license a part of the band for 5G under the spectrum sharing scheme, the coexistence design is quite challenging due to unavailable operation data of such systems in a form of database for the coexistence study. For this purpose, this paper introduces a maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE), which utilizes the angle-of-arrival (AoA) and received power of the line-of-sight (LOS)/diffraction paths as well as the map database to simultaneously estimate these unknown parameters via the spectrum sensing. It was applied to the measurement data obtained from a sub-urban environment where a commercial fixed wireless access system with similar operational parameters is under operation. Its performance was evaluated for a different number of receiver (Rx) points. The results showed that the parameter estimation accuracy is proportional to the number of receiver points. The distance and orientation errors of 45 m and 5 deg were achieved at 90th percentile with 40 Rx points. Furthermore, the prediction performance of the effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) was decent, albeit a slight underestimation of the beamwidth.

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“…From ( 10) and (11), L p,k (q) is the loss due to propagation. In case of LOS, it is computed based on free space path loss in dB [49] by…”

Section: Proposed Localization Methods a Maximum-likelihood Based Loc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few studies have been published that propose a variety of localization techniques for the purpose of spectrum sharing scheme that make use of received signal strength (RSS) or received signal strength indicator (RSSI) [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12]. The advantages and disadvantages of these algorithms are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum-Likelihood-Based Location, Orientation, Transmitted Power, and Antenna Beamwidth Estimator Utilizing the Angle-of-Arrival and Received Power for Spectrum Sharing at Millimeter Wave Bands

et al. 2023

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“…In the case of noncooperation, the information of the electromagnetic environment like propagation models cannot be obtained, even though some methods like maximum likelihood estimation [16] can be used to estimate the information, the error is not acceptable; moreover, the method based on a single propagation model cannot do well in scenarios of different propagation models. In the case that a small number of sensing nodes are available, the interpola-tion methods cannot obtain good results, and the accuracy needs improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Effective Scheme of Building Electromagnetic Map for Spectrum Sensing

Lin

Wang

Lin

et al. 2022

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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To address the severe spectrum scarcity problem and achieve efficient green communications, we propose a new and practical scheme to obtain electromagnetic data (ED) and a composite electromagnetic map reconstruction method (CEMRM). The scheme uses a small number of sensing nodes to obtain incomplete sampled ED, then uses CEMRM to reconstruct complete ED according to the incomplete ED and builds realistic electromagnetic maps (EMs) in various propagation scenarios. Specifically, we firstly adopt kriging (KG) method to obtain the geography-based ED (GED) according to geographical correlation of the locations of the sampled ED. Meanwhile, a novel algorithm, named filtered subdistrict sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (FSSAMP), is proposed to obtain the pure ED (PED) according to electromagnetic correlation of the sampled ED. Then, weight factors are mapped into the above two types of data and the fast gradient projection (FGP) method is employed to obtain the highly accurate combined ED (CED). Based on the CED, the accurate and practical EMs can be drawn. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can provide more accurate ED and EMs than existing benchmark schemes in various propagation scenarios, and the built EMs can provide accurate information for the assessment of spectrum resources utilization to make spectrum resources efficiently used.

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“…Reconstructing radio environment maps based on transmitter locations also falls into this category [11]. The hybrid method is a method that combines the propagation model(or transmitter locations) and the interpolation algorithm to reconstruct radio environment maps [12,13]. Due to the fact that it combines both direct and indirect methods, the accuracy is high, but the complexity also increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Full Coverage Reconstruction Algorithm for the Electromagnetic Map Based on Affinity Propagation Clustering

Lin

Wang

2021

Preprint

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Considering the reconstruction of electromagnetic maps without the prior information of electromagnetic propagation environment in the target area, a new algorithm based on affinity propagation clustering is proposed to complete the electromagnetic map reconstruction of the target area from points to surfaces and then from points and surfaces to a larger surface. Firstly, according to the actual situation, the target area is reasonably divided into grids. Electromagnetic data is sampled by distributed sensing nodes, and a certain number of sample points are selected for affinity propagation clustering to determine the locations of centers of sample points. Secondly, for the incomplete sample data, the Kriging algorithm is used to reconstruct the small circular electromagnetic maps. The class center is the center of the circle and the radius is certain. After that, the obtained small area electromagnetic map data and the data obtained from the sample points are used for domain mapping processing, and the electromagnetic data of a larger area of the target area is obtained. Finally, the overall electromagnetic map is reconstructed through data fusion. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is better than several interpolation algorithms. When sample points account for 0.1 of total data points, the RMSE of the result is less than 1.5.

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Highly accurate radio environment mapping method based on transmitter localization and spatial interpolation in urban LoS/NLoS scenario

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Maximum-Likelihood-Based Location, Orientation, Transmitted Power, and Antenna Beamwidth Estimator Utilizing the Angle-of-Arrival and Received Power for Spectrum Sharing at Millimeter Wave Bands

Maximum-Likelihood-Based Location, Orientation, Transmitted Power, and Antenna Beamwidth Estimator Utilizing the Angle-of-Arrival and Received Power for Spectrum Sharing at Millimeter Wave Bands

An Effective Scheme of Building Electromagnetic Map for Spectrum Sensing

A Full Coverage Reconstruction Algorithm for the Electromagnetic Map Based on Affinity Propagation Clustering

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