Highly active and durable methanol oxidation electrocatalyst based on the synergy of platinum–nickel hydroxide–graphene

Huang, Wenjing; Wang, Hongtao; Zhou, Jigang; Wang, Jian; Duchesne, Paul N.; Muir, David; Zhang, Peng; Han, Ning; Zhao, Feipeng; Zeng, Min; Zhong, Jun; Jin, Chuanhong; Li, Yanguang; Lee, Shuit‐Tong; Dai, Hongjie

doi:10.1038/ncomms10035

Cited by 522 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…By fabricating Pd– M –P ternary phosphide nanoparticles (NPs)262728, the stability and activity of the catalysts can be remarkably improved. The introduction of oxophilic metals such as Ni (Ru, Rh, Sn or Ag) facilitates the formation of OH radicals and drives the EOR without the production of poisoning by-products such as CO426. These OH radicals formed on Ni sites then combine CH 3 CO radicals on the adjacent Pd active sites to generate acetate ions, and this combination has been confirmed as the rate-determining step for EOR1013.…”

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confidence: 93%

“…Direct fuel cells have been recognized as a promising future power source due to advantages, including environmental aspects, facile storage, easy refilling and high power density1234567. However, the lack of active and durable anode catalysts has greatly limited the large-scale commercialization of direct fuel cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, the lack of active and durable anode catalysts has greatly limited the large-scale commercialization of direct fuel cells. So far, platinum (Pt) has been considered as one of the best catalysts and exclusively utilized in fuel cells23456, but they suffer from high cost and poor carbon monoxide (CO) tolerance8910. Alloying Pt with less expensive oxophilic metals ( M ) such as gold (Au), silver (Ag) and especially nonprecious 3d transition metals11121314 is an effective route to improve CO tolerance and catalytic activity of catalysts, owing to the synergistic and electronic structure alteration mechanism15161718192021222324.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Improved ethanol electrooxidation performance by shortening Pd–Ni active site distance in Pd–Ni–P nanocatalysts

et al. 2017

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Incorporating oxophilic metals into noble metal-based catalysts represents an emerging strategy to improve the catalytic performance of electrocatalysts in fuel cells. However, effects of the distance between the noble metal and oxophilic metal active sites on the catalytic performance have rarely been investigated. Herein, we report on ultrasmall (∼5 nm) Pd–Ni–P ternary nanoparticles for ethanol electrooxidation. The activity is improved up to 4.95 A per mgPd, which is 6.88 times higher than commercial Pd/C (0.72 A per mgPd), by shortening the distance between Pd and Ni active sites, achieved through shape transformation from Pd/Ni–P heterodimers into Pd–Ni–P nanoparticles and tuning the Ni/Pd atomic ratio to 1:1. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the improved activity and stability stems from the promoted production of free OH radicals (on Ni active sites) which facilitate the oxidative removal of carbonaceous poison and combination with CH3CO radicals on adjacent Pd active sites.

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confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Improved ethanol electrooxidation performance by shortening Pd–Ni active site distance in Pd–Ni–P nanocatalysts

et al. 2017

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“…By comparison, after 2000s 20 wt% Pt/C and 20 wt% PtRu/C usually deliver negligible activities. 31 The increased stability observed for the present materials may be attributed to improved attachment between Pt nanoparticles and graphene sheet. 32 Given the elaborate nanoflower morphology observed in the electron transmission microscopy results of Figures 4 and 5, it was of interest to determine if these high-surface area structures could be used for other electrochemical reactions, such as ethanol oxidation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Electrically Bloomed Platinum Nanoflowers on Exfoliated Graphene: An Efficient Alcohol Oxidation Catalyst

Zhang

Lopes

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Platinum (Pt) based electrocatalysts have electrochemical performance that outperforms many other noble metal and metal oxide based materials. Increasing performance allows a reduction in the platinum load, and thus reduce the cost of various devices such as fuel cells. A double pulse electrochemical approach was developed to nucleate and grow Pt nanoparticles into flower shaped assemblies on graphene sheets. The unique morphology and structure of the Pt were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrocatalytical activities of the Pt nanoflowers were evaluated using methanol and ethanol oxidation as model reactions. This proposed method has led to the synthesis of Pt nanoflowers with the ability to control, both their density and their size on defect free graphene. Alternative and renewable energy sources such as hydrogen and fuel cells provide a great opportunity to overcome the challenge of pollution and energy crises.1 However, cost, performance, and durability of these energy sources are major barrier for their wide-spread commercialization. It is the key driver behind the significant research on electrocatalysts that are used for various energy devices. Carbon supports, such as carbon black, Vulcan X and Ketjen Black, are generally used as supports for electrocatalysts for electrochemical applications. These electrodes using these carbon supports, however, present some important limitations such as inadequate corrosion resistance caused by electrochemical oxidation, structural deterioration, as well as the detachment of the active metal phase. Compared to carbon black, graphene, a two-dimensional carbon nanostructure, exhibits a higher corrosion resistance, high surface area and outstanding electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties; and is anticipated to be a promising replacement for conventional carbon supports.2-4 Recently we have developed an electrochemical exfoliation approach that reproducibly produced graphene at high yield and purity with the ability to modify graphene with polystyrene sulfonate to prevent re-stacking of the sheets. 5Making Pt-based electrocatalysts more-efficient is crucial as this directly leads to less precious metal usage, i.e. lower cost.6 Attempts to optimize the platinum utilization have occurred in parallel with the development of new ways to produce Pt nanostructures with smaller size and a better Pt dispersion on the support. 7 Several techniques have been explored in an attempt to produce efficient Pt electrocatalysts including chemical and physical methods such as chemical reduction [8][9][10] or sputter deposition techniques. 11-13 However, these techniques either lead to high metal loading with poor control of the size distribution or have proven difficult to scale up.9,14 Although great effort has been made toward the development of chimie douce production of shape-controlled Pt nanoparticles, hierarchical nanostructures with high specific surface area remain a challenge. 15 Additiona...

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“…One of the most promising strategies is the introduction of non-precious 3d transition metals to form MPt bimetallic electrocatalysts (M=Fe, Co, and Ni) [4][5][6][7]. These MPt electrocatalysts with different shapes are proved to be a potential route for mitigating the cost as well as enhancing their catalytic performance [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomagnetic CoPt truncated octahedrons: facile synthesis, superior electrocatalytic activity and stability for methanol oxidation

et al. 2016

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Nanomagnetic CoPt truncated octahedral nanoparticles (TONPs) were successfully synthesised through a facile one-pot strategy. These single crystal CoPt TONPs with an average size of about 8 nm exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance of both activity and stability for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). The mass and specific activities of CoPt TONPs is 8 and 6 times higher than that of standard commercial Pt/C, respectively. After accelerated durability test (ADT), the loss of electrochemical surface area (ECSA) for CoPt TONPs is only 18.5%, which is significantly less than that of commercial Pt/C (68.2%), indicating that CoPt TONPs possess much better stability than commercial Pt/C in the prolonged operation. The Curie temperature of CoPt TONPs down to 8 nm is as high as 350 K with weak ferromagntism at room temperature (RT), which is greatly valuable for recycling in the eletrocatalytic applications.

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Highly active and durable methanol oxidation electrocatalyst based on the synergy of platinum–nickel hydroxide–graphene

Cited by 522 publications

References 45 publications

Improved ethanol electrooxidation performance by shortening Pd–Ni active site distance in Pd–Ni–P nanocatalysts

Improved ethanol electrooxidation performance by shortening Pd–Ni active site distance in Pd–Ni–P nanocatalysts

Electrically Bloomed Platinum Nanoflowers on Exfoliated Graphene: An Efficient Alcohol Oxidation Catalyst

Nanomagnetic CoPt truncated octahedrons: facile synthesis, superior electrocatalytic activity and stability for methanol oxidation

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