Highly crystalline MAPbI3 perovskite grain formation by irreversible poor-solvent diffusion aggregation, for efficient solar cell fabrication

Microwave-Assisted Non-aqueous and Low-Temperature Synthesis of Titania and Niobium-Doped Titania Nanocrystals and Their Application in Halide Perovskite Solar Cells as Electron Transport Layers

“…Such optimization should mainly target the spiro-MeOTAD layer by reducing its thickness, as well as increasing the perovskite layer thickness to harvest the largest amount of light possible, as shown previously. 29 , 80 − 84 Moreover, this methodology to fabricate doped and undoped TiO 2 ETL can be extended to other metal oxides and to other types of applications such as LEDs, optical sensors, transistors, as well as for transparent coating of surfaces, in particular for UV screening and filtering.…”

“…Anatase TiO 2 NPs grown at low temperatures are excellent starting materials for the fabrication of compact TiO 2 films as electron transport layers in halide perovskite solar cells. 10 , 11 , 19 , 27 − 29 Heterometallic doping was also introduced to improve the electron mobility of the oxide films and, in turn, reduce the series resistance of the device. 27 , 30 , 31 The power conversion efficiencies obtained for solar cells fabricated utilizing anatase nanoparticles are comparable to or better than cells based on solution-processed compact or mesoporous titania.…”

Defects in Hybrid Perovskites: The Secret of Efficient Charge Transport

“…Methylammonium lead halide perovskites (MHPs) are prominent PV materials thanks to their well-suited optoelectronic properties, which allowed for reaching 25.2% [2] of photoconversion efficiency. Furthermore, MHPs have substantial potential for other applications such as light-emitting diodes, [3] field-effect transistors, [4,5] and photodetectors. [6][7][8][9] Two main issues remain to be solved in MHPs: stability and defect control.…”

“…ToF detects the probability of being trapped and detrapped for the minority carrier as it would be TRPL assuming the possibility of the detection of all recombination events through the full bulk of the sample. However, TRPL selectively describes the near-surface charge concentration (as the detection happens through an objective which focuses in a spot with a volume of ≈1 µm 3 ) which is dominated by surface traps (as the surface of the crystals is very different from the bulk). In addition, the diffusion of charges towards the bulk of the sample affects TRPL [39,40] (as demonstrated in Section S6 and Figure S10, Supporting Information).…”

“…Knowing the defect parameters is the key to design defect control strategies and to understand the impact that defects play on stability. [3,[42][43][44][45][46][47] We perform our study in MAPbI 3 single crystal, which describes the material itself, avoiding any influence from the substrate, grain boundaries, and any other preparation-related properties in thin films. Knowing the recombination and trapping pathways is therefore of primary importance to obtain stable MHP devices.…”