Highly effective microwave plasma application for catalyst-free and low temperature hydrogenation of biodiesel

Wongjaikham, Wijittra; Kongprawes, Grittima; Wongsawaeng, Doonyapong; Ngaosuwan, Kanokwan; Kiatkittipong, Worapon; Hosemann, Peter; Assabumrungrat, Suttichai

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121524

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In plasma hydrogenation, hydrogenation, conjugation of double bonds, Diels‐Alder reaction and cracking reaction are considered probable mechanisms by H radicals/H ions as suggested by Kongprawes et al 33 and Wongjaikham et al 49 Figure 11 demonstrates the suggested DBD plasma torch mechanisms for FAME hydrogenation. For hydrogenation, the hydrogen radicals can populate unstable double‐bonded carbon atoms in the unsaturated FAMEs and convert them into stable simple bonds in the saturated FAMEs (Figure 11B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The previous investigation using parallel‐plate DBD plasma hydrogenation of palm biodiesel at 100 W input power, 80% H 2 in the H 2 /He mixed gas at ambient temperature showed that the oxidation stability was improved by 7.2 hours 33 . The previous experiment employing microwave plasma for palm FAME hydrogenation at 500 W microwave power and 8.5 L/min H 2 flow rate showed that the oxidation stability was increased by 9.1 hours 49 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Breaking and reformation of chemical bonds during the reaction resulted in the formation of another compound 67 . Energetic electrons or photons from plasma may cause the cracking process by breaking the CC bonds at the end of long hydrocarbon chains, especially at the C 2 H 5  and CH 3 positions 49 . The long‐chain methyl stearate (C18:0) could be cracked at C 2 H 5  generating methyl palmitate (C16:0) radicals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For hydrogenation, the hydrogen radicals can populate unstable double‐bonded carbon atoms in the unsaturated FAMEs and convert them into stable simple bonds in the saturated FAMEs (Figure 11B). 49 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upgrading palm biodiesel properties via catalyst‐free partial hydrogenation using needle‐plate dielectric barrier discharge plasma torch

Kamjam

Wongsawaeng

Ngaosuwan

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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A catalyst-free and ambient condition dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma torch has been used to efficaciously synthesize partially hydrogenated fatty acid methyl ester (H-FAME) obtained from refined palm oil. The electrode configuration was a needle-to-plate type. The effects of power, H 2 flow rate, discharge gap, process temperature and reaction duration on H-FAME compositions and properties were examined. For 1 hour of reaction time, the optimal condition was 100 W input power, 1.0 L/min H 2 flow rate, 1.0 cm discharge gap and 90 C reaction temperature. Under this condition, the H-FAME contained saturated FAMEs of 56.8% and unsaturated FAMEs of 43.1%, compared to saturated FAMEs of 48.8% and unsaturated FAMEs of 51.0% in the feed FAME. After 1 hour of treatment, the oxidation stability increased by 10.7 hours (from 12.8 to 23.5 hours), while the cloud point increased from 13.5 to 16.0 C. A reduction rate of iodine value was 13.4%/h (reduction from 50.6 to 43.8). The trans-fatty acid formation was not detected in the palm H-FAME.Partial hydrogenation through the DBD plasma torch without using artificial antioxidants or metal catalysts is an environment-friendly and potentially alternative approach, which can substitute conventional catalytic hydrogenation of FAME for enhancing the oxidation stability of biodiesel.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Upgrading palm biodiesel properties via catalyst‐free partial hydrogenation using needle‐plate dielectric barrier discharge plasma torch

Kamjam

Wongsawaeng

Ngaosuwan

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…rotating reactor [73,74], food processing reactor [75,76], and plasma reactor [77,78]. Based on our knowledge, this section features some potential multifunctional reactors for biodiesel production.…”

Section: Multifunctional Reactors For Enhanced Biodiesel Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of catalyst and multifunctional reactor development for sustainable biodiesel production

Chanthon¹,

Ngaosuwan²,

Kiatkittipong³

et al. 2021

ScienceAsia

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Biodiesel is an alternative green fuel commonly used worldwide. The biodiesel production process consists mainly of production and purification steps. In the production step, there are two main reactions, transesterification and esterification, that require novel catalysts to achieve high yield in a short processing time; however, the immiscibility of the reactants limits the mass transfer and consequently the reaction rate. This article reviews the development of various catalysts: acid, base, and bifunctional catalysts, for transesterification and esterification. In addition, some interesting multifunctional reactors to improve biodiesel production are briefly discussed. A functionalized acid/base catalyst on a metal oxide support is a potential catalyst for transesterification/esterification. Moreover, an ultrasound-assisted reactor is a promising multifunctional reactor to be used in batch or continuous operation for biodiesel production with both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.

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Production of low trans-fat margarine by partial hydrogenation of palm oil using nature-friendly and catalyst-free microwave plasma technique

Wongjaikham

Kongprawes

Wongsawaeng

et al. 2022

Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies

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Highly effective microwave plasma application for catalyst-free and low temperature hydrogenation of biodiesel

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Upgrading palm biodiesel properties via catalyst‐free partial hydrogenation using needle‐plate dielectric barrier discharge plasma torch

Upgrading palm biodiesel properties via catalyst‐free partial hydrogenation using needle‐plate dielectric barrier discharge plasma torch

A review of catalyst and multifunctional reactor development for sustainable biodiesel production

Production of low trans-fat margarine by partial hydrogenation of palm oil using nature-friendly and catalyst-free microwave plasma technique

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