“…353,354 Actually, these methods can be divided into in situ remediation including immobilization, 355,356 burying, 357 phytoremediation, 358 and amendment 359,360 and ex situ remediation including washing, 33,361 electrochemical remediation, 362 ultrafiltration, 363 and solvent extraction. 364 In situ bioremediation causes less dust dispersion and hence better degradation of the contaminant. It can be enhanced via bioaugmentation (i.e., by the introduction of more archaea or bacterial cultures to enhance the contaminant degradation), bioventing (i.e., by stimulating the natural in situ biodegradation of contaminants by providing enough air or oxygen to existing microorganisms to sustain the microbial activity), or biosparging (i.e., an in situ remediation technology that uses indigenous microorganisms to biodegrade organic constituents in the saturated zone; in biosparging, air (or oxygen) and nutrients (if needed) are directly injected into the saturated zone to increase the biological activity of the indigenous microorganisms).…”