Highly Ordered Macroporous Gold and Platinum Films Formed by Electrochemical Deposition through Templates Assembled from Submicron Diameter Monodisperse Polystyrene Spheres

Bartlett, Philip N.; Baumberg, Jeremy J.; Birkin, Peter R.; Ghanem, Mohamed A.; Netti, M.C.

doi:10.1021/cm011272j

Cited by 345 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

262

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The SERS substrate used here is the thoroughly-studied nanovoid substrate (SSV) that has been developed at the University of Southampton more than one decade ago [55][56][57][58][59][60][61] . Au nanocavity arrays can be produced with various sphere diameters, ranging from few hundred nanometers up to a few microns.…”

Section: Substrate Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing Irradiation with Nanoantennae: Plasmon‐Induced Enhancement of Photoelectrolysis

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In solving the energy challenge of solar irradiation′s inconsistency, a desirable approach is mimicking nature′s photosynthesis by collecting and storing solar energy via water splitting. TiO2 is a promising candidate, a wide‐gap semiconductor with low cost, high efficiencies in the UV region, and photostability. Its shortcomings in the visible spectrum can be improved via band gap engineering, mainly co‐catalyst doping, thereof Au nanoparticles. In contrast, we deposit a structured semiconductor on a plasmonic‐active co‐catalyst: we reverse the species order with respect to illumination and achieve a patterned structure for both species in which TiO2 pillars are grown on a Raman‐active Au substrate. The pillars act as antennae, coupling incoming light absorption while feeding on the substrate′s plasmonic effects. The aforementioned system shows impressive incident‐photon‐to‐current efficiencies (IPCEs) in the visible region, along with increased photocurrents in the UV and red shifts depending on deposition depth, diameter, and annealing temperature. We were able to tune the system′s photoresponse by changing the nanostructure geometry and therewith tuned the resonance to the incoming irradiation.

show abstract

Section: Substrate Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing Irradiation with Nanoantennae: Plasmon‐Induced Enhancement of Photoelectrolysis

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CA measurements were performed by using a home built apparatus. 18 Electrochemical data were obtained with a potentiostat/galvanostat Autolab model PGSTAT 30 (Eco Chemie), and, in order to obtain the mass of MnO 2 films, an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) consisting of a Stanford Research System model SR620 frequency meter connected to an oscillating circuit was used. As the substrate, 6.0 MHz AT-cut overtone polished piezoelectric quartz crystals (Valpey -Fischer) with a 25 mm diameter and 0.32 cm 2 gold piezoactive electrode area (integral sensitive factor 6.45×10 7 cm 2 Hz g -1 ) were used.…”

Section: Instrumentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method also allows good mass and thickness control through the applied charge. 17,18 As there is no shrinkage of the material when the template is removed, the resulting film is a true cast of the template structure.In this paper, the wettability and electrochemical performance of macroporous and massive MnO 2 films have been studied by contact angle (CA) measurements and cyclic voltammetry (CV), respectively. The goal of the present study is to verify the aspects concerning the use of pores to increase the specific area of the electrode for supercapacitor applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Macroporous MnO2 electrodes obtained by template assisted electrodeposition for electrochemical capacitors

Benedetti¹,

Petri²,

Torresi³

et al. 2010

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eletrodos macroporosos de MnO 2 foram preparados por eletrodeposição assistida por molde de partículas esféricas coloidais de poliestireno. A molhabilidade desses filmes foi estudada por medidas de ângulo de contato. Medidas de voltametria cíclica foram realizadas com o objetivo de estudar o seu comportamento como eletrodo para supercapacitores. A capacitância específica obtida foi cerca de 60% maior que a obtida por um eletrodo liso, o que mostra que apesar de a molhabilidade do eletrodo macroporoso ser menor, ocorre alguma penetração do eletrólito pelos poros, aumentando a área eletroativa. Por fim, o eletrodo macroporoso apresentou excelente establidade eletroquímica, não sendo observada queda de capacitância após 1000 ciclos de carga e descarga.Macroporous MnO 2 electrodes prepared by template-assisted electrodeposition using spherical polystyrene colloidal particles are studied. The wettability of such electrodes by a LiClO 4 aqueous electrolyte is measured by the contact angle technique. Cyclic voltammetry experiments are performed in order to evaluate the use of these electrodes for electrochemical capacitor applications. The specific capacity obtained is about 60% higher than that obtained for flat MnO 2 surfaces showing that, in spite of the wettability being lower, some penetration of the electrolyte into the pores must occur, increasing the electroactive area with respect to the flat electrode. Furthermore, the macroporous electrode showed excellent electrochemical stability, with neither a capacitance decrease nor a loss of morphology, after 1000 cycles.Keywords: supercapacitors, manganese oxide, porous electrodes, template assisted electro deposition, wettability IntroductionLi-ion batteries are widely used as energy sources for portable electronic devices, and several studies have been carried out in order to improve their performance.1 As charge/discharge processes are limited by reaction kinetics, 2 the search for devices that can deliver high power is an active field. Electrochemical capacitors or supercapacitors are high power sources that can be fully charged/discharged in seconds because they are based on surface faradaic reactions and/or double-layer capacitance.3,4 These devices can be applied together with a battery in order to allow both high energy and power or to replace conventional capacitors based on electrical charge separation. The preparation of high surface area electrodes can improve device performance because more material is available on the surface for charge compensation as well as for energy storage. 2Concerning redox-active materials for supercapacitors, RuO 2 presents the best capacitance values. However, its high cost does not allow its use in practical applications. 5 An alternative low cost, non toxic and environmentally friend material is MnO 2 .6-9 The electrochemical performance of MnO 2 -based supercapacitors and the mechanism of energy storage depend on several aspects, such as morphology, 10,11 structure 12,13 and post synthesis thermal treatment. 14 The major in...

show abstract

“…[6] The ability to build up such complex geometries plays an extremely important role in elucidating and understanding the optical and magnetic properties of these porous materials and their diverse applications. Templating has been explored by a number of groups as a powerful means to pattern flat substrates and subsequently direct and control assembly processes.…”

Section: Receivedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Arrays of Isolated Spherical Cavities by Self‐Assembly of Polystyrene Spheres on Self‐Assembled Pre‐patterned Macroporous Films

Abdelsalam

Bartlett²,

Baumberg

et al. 2004

Advanced Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ExperimentalFor the fabrication of n-ZnO/p-GaN heteroepitaxial nanorod EL devices, n-ZnO nanorods were vertically grown on 3 lm thick p-GaN layers coated on Al 2 O 3 (0001) using catalyst-free MOVPE. The pGaN layers exhibited a p-type carrier concentration of 2 10 17 cm ±3 and a mobility of 10 cm 2 V ±1 s ±1 . For ZnO nanorod MOVPE growth, diethyl-zinc (DEZn) and oxygen were employed as reactant sources, as previously reported [13]. Details in the growth parameters of ZnO nanorods on GaN substrates are the same as those on sapphire substrates except for the DEZn flow prior to ZnO growth. That is, in the initial ZnO growth stage, only DEZn with a carrier gas flowed for 30 s prior to ZnO nanorod growth in order to prevent GaN surface oxidation.The EL devices were fabricated by making good ohmic contacts on both p-GaN and n-ZnO. The ohmic contact on p-GaN was fabricated by evaporating Pt and Au bilayers. The typical Pt and Au layer thicknesses were 100 and 500 , respectively. After the metallization of p-GaN, the free space between the individual ZnO nanorods was filled with a thin photoresist by spin coating. This was followed by selective etching of the photoresist under an oxygen plasma in order to produce a nanorod array embedded in the photoresist with only the nanorod tips exposed (by 50±100 nm; Fig. 1c). For the metallization of the n-ZnO nanorods, 100 thick Ti and 500 thick Au layers were deposited on the nanorod tips through a shadow mask by electron-beam evaporation, resulting in a continuous contact layer on the ZnO nanorods (Fig. 1d). Good ohmic contacts on both n-ZnO and pGaN were made by rapid thermal annealing at 300 and 500 C for 1 min, respectively. The EL and I±V characteristics of the devices were measured by applying a DC voltage to the device using a source meter (Keithley 2400). The EL spectra were measured using a monochromator and a detection system equipped with a photomultiplier tube and a photon counter which had been used for photoluminescence spectroscopy [3]. All measurements were preformed at room temperature. Preparation of Arrays of Isolated Spherical Cavities by Self-Assembly of Polystyrene Spheres on Self-Assembled Pre-patterned Macroporous Films ReceivedBy Mamdouh E. Abdelsalam, Philip N. Bartlett,* Jeremy J. Baumberg, and Steve Coyle Self-assembly of colloidal spheres onto patterned (e.g., lithographically modified) [1] substrates is a promising approach to prepare complex three-dimensional (3D) geometries (e.g., assemble colloidal spheres into square pyramidal shapes) [2] that cannot be produced by self-assembly of colloidal spheres on flat substrates. Generally self-assembly alone is restricted to the formation of close-packed two-dimensional (2D) and 3D arrays of colloidal particles and does not lead to more complex lattice types and geometries. A certain degree of control over colloidal self-assembly has been achieved through external electric [3] or intense optical fields [4] and by manipulating the interaction potential.[5] Here, we demonstrate a simple scheme that com...

show abstract

Highly Ordered Macroporous Gold and Platinum Films Formed by Electrochemical Deposition through Templates Assembled from Submicron Diameter Monodisperse Polystyrene Spheres

Cited by 345 publications

References 37 publications

Capturing Irradiation with Nanoantennae: Plasmon‐Induced Enhancement of Photoelectrolysis

Capturing Irradiation with Nanoantennae: Plasmon‐Induced Enhancement of Photoelectrolysis

Macroporous MnO2 electrodes obtained by template assisted electrodeposition for electrochemical capacitors

Preparation of Arrays of Isolated Spherical Cavities by Self‐Assembly of Polystyrene Spheres on Self‐Assembled Pre‐patterned Macroporous Films

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About