Highly Ordered Pd Nanowire Arrays as Effective Electrocatalysts for Ethanol Oxidation in Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Abstract

Direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) based on liquid fuels have attracted enormous attention as power sources for portable electronic devices and fuel-cell vehicles owing to the much higher energy density of liquid fuels than gaseous fuels such as hydrogen (e.g., the energy densities of ethanol and methanol are 6.34 kWh L -1 and 4.82 kWh L -1 , respectively, as compared to 0.53 kWh L -1 for gaseous hydrogen at 20 MPa.

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Composited with Palladium Nanocatalysts for Highly Efficient Ethanol Oxidation

“…[1][2][3] Ethanol as an excellent alternative to methanol has been deployed nowadays due to its nontoxicity, 4 ease of production from agricultural products/fermentation of biomass, high energy density, 5,6 and low fuel crossover that is often encountered in methanol-based fuel cells. [7][8][9] Due to similar properties to Pt (same group in the periodic table, same fcc crystal structure, comparable atomic size) and certain advantages compared with Pt (lower price, greater resistance to CO, and inherently faster kinetics in alkaline medium), the Pd-based catalysts are attracting more interests in ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline electrolyte.…”

Electrodeposition Fabrication of Pd Nanoparticles on Glassy Carbon Electrode Towards Methanol Oxidation Application

“…In our present study, it is seen that the onset of methanol oxidation peak is about-0.50 V and the peak potential position is at about -0.15 V in the forward scan. Another oxidation peak in the reverse scan is observed at about -0.29 V. The corresponding ratio of I F /I R is measured to be Science Publications AJNT about 3.9, which is higher than the Pd-modified macroporous Pt (the I F /I R value is 1.18) and the Pd nanoparticles supported on 2-Aminophenoxazin-3-one (APZ) functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Pd/APZ-MWCNTs) (Du et al, 2009;Xu et al, 2007a) (the I F /I R value is 1.93). It suggests that the Pd film thus formed generates a high complete oxidation of methanol to carbon dioxide.…”

“…A local view of one Pd flower (inset) further reveals the Pd structure consists of small nanoparticles. It is worthwhile mentioning that such Pd flowers exhibit no observable change on the substrate after it is subjected to a sonication process for several minutes, indicating that the Pd flowers are very stable (Xu et al, 2007a;2007b;Singh et al, 2009). Figure 2 shows CV curves of the Pd/GCE in a 0.5 M NaOH solution at 0.05 V/s.…”

“…Indeed, many non-Pt metals have recently been investigated (Jafarian et al, 2006;Heli et al, 2004). Among such metals, Pd is a good electrocatalyst for methanol in alkaline solution (Xu et al, 2007a;2007b;Singh et al, 2009) and its abundance is at least fifty times more than that of Pt on earth (Liu et al, 2007;). In addition, Ha et al (2005) have demonstrated that Pd and Pd/C catalysts can overcome the CO-poisoning effect and thus lead to high performance in DMFCs.…”

Enhanced Hydrogen Gas Sensing Properties of ZnO Nanowires Gas Sensor by Heat Treatment under Oxygen Atmosphere

“…이러한 특성을 바탕으로 나노선의 경우는 고 휘도 발광다이오드 [6], 태양전지 [7], 연료 전지의 전 극 [8], 광센서 [9], 바이오센서 [10], 그리고 화학 가스 센서 [11] …”