Highly purified hydrogen production from ammonia for PEM fuel cell

Miyaoka, Hiroki; Ichikawa, Takahisa; Ichikawa, Takayuki; Kojima, Yoshitsugu

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.06.065

Cited by 90 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Yet, ammonia production still involves additional energy consumption, and when final users require pure hydrogen, an additional conversion step is needed. Specific technologies, such as permeable membrane fuel cells are susceptible to ammonia poisoning, and they need very high levels of hydrogen purity [43].…”

Section: Long-distance Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective

et al. 2020

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Hydrogen is currently enjoying a renewed and widespread momentum in many national and international climate strategies. This review paper is focused on analysing the challenges and opportunities that are related to green and blue hydrogen, which are at the basis of different perspectives of a potential hydrogen society. While many governments and private companies are putting significant resources on the development of hydrogen technologies, there still remains a high number of unsolved issues, including technical challenges, economic and geopolitical implications. The hydrogen supply chain includes a large number of steps, resulting in additional energy losses, and while much focus is put on hydrogen generation costs, its transport and storage should not be neglected. A low-carbon hydrogen economy offers promising opportunities not only to fight climate change, but also to enhance energy security and develop local industries in many countries. However, to face the huge challenges of a transition towards a zero-carbon energy system, all available technologies should be allowed to contribute based on measurable indicators, which require a strong international consensus based on transparent standards and targets.

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Section: Long-distance Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective

et al. 2020

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“…In the current work, a similar approach was considered, where ammonia is first decomposed, and the resulting hydrogen-nitrogen mixture is fed to the fuel cell. The main challenge, compared to the methanol-based system, is the higher operating temperature of the ammonia decomposition reactor, which ranges between 550-900 °C [13,29], compared to the relatively low methanol steam reforming reactor of around 200-300 °C [4]. These higher operating temperatures require an optimized and innovative energy balance strategy.…”

Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An issue Pt/C anode catalyst and reacts with the acidic Nafion membrane [15,16]. According to ISO14687-2, the maximum level of concentration of ammonia in hydrogen used in the PEM fuel cell vehicle is 0.1 ppm [13]. To reach the ISO target, it is necessary to introduce a purification technology after ammonia decomposition [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to ISO14687-2, the maximum level of concentration of ammonia in hydrogen used in the PEM fuel cell vehicle is 0.1 ppm [13]. To reach the ISO target, it is necessary to introduce a purification technology after ammonia decomposition [13]. A concept design of a PEMFC-based system is proposed in [17], where the decomposition reactor is heated electrically, reaching 99.5% conversion of ammonia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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System Design and Modeling of a High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Operated with Ammonia as a Fuel

et al. 2020

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Ammonia is a hydrogen-rich compound that can play an important role in the storage of green hydrogen and the deployment of fuel cell technologies. Nowadays used as a fertilizer, NH3 has the right peculiarities to be a successful sustainable fuel for the future of the energy sector. This study presents, for the first time in literature, an integration study of ammonia as a hydrogen carrier and a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) as an energy conversion device. A system design is presented, that integrates a reactor for the decomposition of ammonia with an HT-PEMFC, where hydrogen produced from NH3 is electrochemically converted into electricity and heat. The overall system based on the two technologies is designed integrating all balance of plant components. A zero-dimensional model was implemented to evaluate system efficiency and study the effects of parametric variations. Thermal equilibrium of the decomposition reactor was studied, and two different strategies were implemented in the model to guarantee thermal energy balance inside the system. The results show that the designed system can operate with an efficiency of 40.1% based on ammonia lower heating value (LHV) at the fuel cell operating point of 0.35 A/cm2 and 0.60 V.

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“…The water‐gas shift (WGS) is a critical step in PEM fuel cell technology for the production of purified hydrogen. The WGS reaction is a moderately exothermic and reversible reaction that occurs according to the following formula 1–7:

true \begin{matrix} center normalCO + {normalH}_{2} ⇌ normalC {normalO}_{2} + {normalH}_{2} & center Δ H = - 41 normalkJ normal normalmo {normall}^{- 1} \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water‐Gas Shift Reaction in a Microchannel Ni‐based Catalytic Coated Reactor: Effect of Solvents

Bazdar

Irankhah

2020

Chem Eng & Technol

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Medium-temperature shift (MTS) reaction was investigated in a microchannel reactor using the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method to coat porous layers of Ni-K/CeO 2 catalyst on stainless-steel plates. The electrolyte suspensions of the catalyst were prepared in isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, and acetone as solvents. All EPD experiments were carried out under similar conditions (i.e., for a contact time of 3 min, at a voltage of 140 V, and in the presence of 0.3 wt % polyethylenimine as the dispersant). The effect of the different solvents on the coated catalytic layers was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and 2D and 3D optical imaging. The experimental results proved that the best performance for the MTS reaction in the plate microreactor was achieved with isopropanol as the solvent.

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Highly purified hydrogen production from ammonia for PEM fuel cell

Cited by 90 publications

References 31 publications

The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective

The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective

System Design and Modeling of a High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Operated with Ammonia as a Fuel

Water‐Gas Shift Reaction in a Microchannel Ni‐based Catalytic Coated Reactor: Effect of Solvents

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