Highly selective lithium recovery from high Mg/Li ratio brines

Liu, Gui; Zhao, Zhongwei; He, Lihua

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2019.114185

Cited by 114 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Electrodialysis for lithium extraction is dependent on the use of a lithium-selective membrane and has process components, such as anodes and cathodes, which are similar or analogous to technology in lithium-ion batteries [233,246,247]. Electrodialysis for lithium extraction can be used with SLM and potentially other modifications of solvent extraction technology [248,249]. Electrodialysis for lithium extraction can include the coating or construction of anodes or cathodes with metal oxides or other molecular sieve or lithium sorbent materials, which also has parallels with battery applications [243,[250][251][252][253][254].…”

Section: Electrochemical Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology for the Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines

2021

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Lithium is the principal component of high-energy-density batteries and is a critical material necessary for the economy and security of the United States. Brines from geothermal power production have been identified as a potential domestic source of lithium; however, lithium-rich geothermal brines are characterized by complex chemistry, high salinity, and high temperatures, which pose unique challenges for economic lithium extraction. The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyze direct lithium extraction technology in the context of developing sustainable lithium production from geothermal brines. In this paper, we are focused on the challenges of applying direct lithium extraction technology to geothermal brines; however, applications to other brines (such as coproduced brines from oil wells) are considered. The most technologically advanced approach for direct lithium extraction from geothermal brines is adsorption of lithium using inorganic sorbents. Other separation processes include extraction using solvents, sorption on organic resin and polymer materials, chemical precipitation, and membrane-dependent processes. The Salton Sea geothermal field in California has been identified as the most significant lithium brine resource in the US and past and present efforts to extract lithium and other minerals from Salton Sea brines were evaluated. Extraction of lithium with inorganic molecular sieve ion-exchange sorbents appears to offer the most immediate pathway for the development of economic lithium extraction and recovery from Salton Sea brines. Other promising technologies are still in early development, but may one day offer a second generation of methods for direct, selective lithium extraction. Initial studies have demonstrated that lithium extraction and recovery from geothermal brines are technically feasible, but challenges still remain in developing an economically and environmentally sustainable process at scale.

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Section: Electrochemical Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology for the Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines

2021

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“…7,8,15 However, brines containing Mg 2+ /Li + ratios greater than or equal to 6 pose a significant challenge due to the similar chemical properties of Li + and Mg 2+ . 7,16–20 In these high Mg 2+ /Li + ratio brines the cost of extraction increases sharply due to the large amount of soda required to precipitate Mg 2+ , and this is exacerbated by the huge amount of lithium loss that occurs as a result of co-precipitation with magnesium. 21 Considering that the majority of salt lake brines around the world exhibit a Mg 2+ /Li + ratio > 6, 19,22–26 finding an economical solution to separate Mg 2+ from Li + is an utmost priority.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous ion separation via electrokinetic-driven ion migration path differentiation: practical application to lithium extraction from brines

et al. 2022

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“…in salt lake brines, which are typically rich in Mg 2? [19][20][21][22]. To extract high-purity lithium products from salt lake brines, it is necessary to separate lithium from other coexisting ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from salt lake brines mainly include precipitation, solvent extraction, adsorption, electrodialysis, nanofiltration, and electrochemical techniques ( Fig. 1) [14,19,20,30,31]. However, no universal extraction process exists for recovering lithium, because the process is typically designed according to the brine composition of the salt lake brine, particularly the mass ratio of Mg 2?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine

et al. 2020

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Rapid developments in the electric industry have promoted an increasing demand for lithium resources. Lithium in salt lake brines has emerged as the main source for industrial lithium extraction, owing to its low cost and extensive reserves. The effective separation of Mg 2? and Li ? is critical to achieving high recovery efficiency and purity of the final lithium product. This paper summarizes Mg 2? /Li ? separation materials and methods in the field of lithium recovery from salt lake brines. The review begins with an introduction to the global distribution and demand for lithium resources, followed by a description of the materials used in various separation techniques, including precipitation, adsorption, solvent extraction, nanofiltration membrane, electrodialysis, and electrochemical methods. A comparison, analysis, and outlook of such methods are comprehensively discussed in terms of principles, mechanisms, synthesis/operation, development, and industrial applications. We conclude with a presentation of challenges and insights into the future directions of lithium extraction from salt lake brines. A combination of the advantages of various materials is the most logical step toward developing novel methods for extracting lithium from brines with high separation selectivity, stability, low cost, and environmentally friendly characteristics.

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Highly selective lithium recovery from high Mg/Li ratio brines

Cited by 114 publications

References 26 publications

Technology for the Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines

Technology for the Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines

Continuous ion separation via electrokinetic-driven ion migration path differentiation: practical application to lithium extraction from brines

Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine

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