Highly Selective Removal of Cationic Dyes from Wastewater by MgO Nanorods

Abstract

The organic synthetic dyes employed in industries are carcinogenic and harmful. Dyes must be removed from wastewater to limit or eliminate their presence before dumping into the natural environment. The current study aims to investigate the use of MgO nanoparticles to eliminate basic fuchsine (BF), as a model cationic dye pollutant, from wastewater. The MgO nanorods were synthesized through a coprecipitation method. The obtained nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and FTIR spectroscopy. It was found that the variation of dye concentration and pH influenced the removal of BF by MgO. The adsorption capacity of 493.90 mg/g is achieved under optimum operating conditions (pH = 11, contact time = 236 min, and initial BF concentration = 200 ppm). Pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics and Freundlich isotherm models best fitted BF sorption onto MgO nanorods. The BF sorption mechanism is associated with the electrostatic attractions and hydrogen bond between the O–H group of MgO and the NH2 groups of BF, as indicated by the pH, isotherms, and FTIR studies. The reusability study indicates that MgO was effectively used to eliminate BF in at least four continuous cycles. The investigation of MgO with different dyes suggests the high adsorption selectivity of BF, crystal violet (CV), and malachite green (MG) dyes compared with methyl orange (MO) dye. Overall, MgO nanorods can act as a potential and promising adsorbent for the efficient and rapid removal of cationic dyes (CV, MG, and BF) from wastewater.

Enhanced adsorptive removal of indigo carmine dye by bismuth oxide doped MgO based adsorbents from aqueous solution: equilibrium, kinetic and computational studies

“…Photodegradation, electrocoagulation, electrochemical, occulation-coagulation, ultra-ltration, and adsorption are among the most used techniques. [11][12][13][14][15] Based on efficiency, scalability, low operation cost, simplicity, adsorption can be considered as the most preferred method for water treatment among all other techniques. The nature and amount of pollutants are the most essential factors for selecting the treatment method.…”

Removal of Toxic Basic Fuchsin Dye from Liquids by Antibiotic Azithromycin Using Adsorption, TD-DFT Calculations, Kinetic, and Equilibrium Studies

“…3−5 Because of its toxicity, carcinogenicity, and low biodegradability, it has been classified as a possible carcinogen in various countries. 5 When NFD is released into the environment, it has a hazardous effect on aquatic life and influences people and animals with carcinogenic effects. As a result, removing basic fuchsin is a significant problem in terms of water filtration and conservation.…”

“…The naturally flammable new fuchsin dye (NFD) is a triarylmethane dye with aesthetic, antibacterial, and fungicidal properties. It is a cationic dye utilized for staining collagen, muscle mitochondria, and tubercle bacillus, in addition to biological stains, paper, leather, and cotton coloring agents. − Because of its toxicity, carcinogenicity, and low biodegradability, it has been classified as a possible carcinogen in various countries . When NFD is released into the environment, it has a hazardous effect on aquatic life and influences people and animals with carcinogenic effects.…”

Removal of Malachite Green Dye from Aqueous Solution by Catalytic Wet Oxidation Technique Using Ni/Kaolin as Catalyst

“…Due to their availability, low cost, and chemical qualities, transition metals such as cobalt, manganese, iron, copper, nickel, etc., and metal oxides [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] are the most widely utilized in the fabrication of catalysts. However, transition metal ions are dangerous and difficult to recycle, and therefore their application in wastewater treatment systems is restricted [ 16 , 33 ].…”