Highly stable Pt and PtPd hybrid catalysts supported on a nitrogen-modified carbon composite for fuel cell application

Li, Xuguang; Park, Sehkyu; Popov, Branko N.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.07.029

Cited by 98 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…5 The increased stability in comparison to benchmark Pt/C catalysts has been ascribed to the confinement of particles inside the mesoporous matrix of HGS. Additionally, some studies indicated that the improved stability in N-doped vs. non-doped carbons was due to a better dispersion of Pt nanoparticles which inhibited agglomeration of Pt during electrochemical testing 50,51 (and references therein). Finally, some studies involving N-doped carbon supports only showed an increased initial activity but no particular improvement in catalyst stability.…”

Section: -21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of non-intrinsic platinum dissolution in Pt/C composite fuel cell catalysts

Jovanovič

Petek

Hodnik

et al. 2017

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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The dissolution of different platinum-based nanoparticles deposited on a commercial high-surface area carbon (HSAC) support in thin catalyst films is investigated using a highly sensitive electrochemical flow cell (EFC) coupled to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The previously reported particle-size-dependent dissolution of Pt is confirmed on selected industrial samples with a mean Pt particle size ranging from 1 to 4.8 nm. This trend is significantly altered when a catalyst is diluted by the addition of HSAC. This indicates that the intrinsic dissolution properties are masked by local oversaturation phenomena, the so-called confinement effect. Furthermore, by replacing the standard HSAC support with a support having an order of magnitude higher specific surface area (a micro-and mesoporous nitrogen-doped high surface area carbon, HSANDC), Pt dissolution is reduced even further. This is due to the so-called non-intrinsic confinement and entrapment effects of the (large amount of) micropores and small mesopores doped with N atoms. The observed more effective Pt re-deposition is presumably induced by local Pt oversaturation and the presence of nitrogen nucleation sites. Overall, our study demonstrates the high importance and beneficial effects of porosity, loading and N doping of the carbon support on the Pt stability in the catalyst layer.

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Section: -21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of non-intrinsic platinum dissolution in Pt/C composite fuel cell catalysts

Jovanovič

Petek

Hodnik

et al. 2017

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…The presence of 3NV defects in CNT, suggests that the reactivity might be greatly enhanced compared with the pure CNT, thus becoming a recently hot topic. 16,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] By introducing new levels close to the Fermi level, doping with nitrogen can change the sensibility of CNT to different kinds of molecules, for example the CN x NTs can be used as gas sensors of toxic species. 16,20 Moreover, the capability of Li storage in the CN x NT is significantly increased for battery applications.…”

Section: 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes Doped with Nitrogen, Pyridine-like Nitrogen Defects, and Transition Metal Atoms

Mananghaya¹

2012

Journal of the Korean Chemical Society

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ABSTRACT. Dopants and defects can be introduced as well as the intercalation of metals into single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to modify their electronic and magnetic properties, thus significantly widening their application areas. Through spinpolarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we have systemically studied the following: (i) (10,0) and (5,5) SWCNT doped with nitrogen (CNxNT), (ii) (10,0) and (5,5) SWCNT with pyridine-like defects (3NV-CNxNT), and (iii) chemical functionalization of (10,0) and (5,5) 3NV-CNxNT with 12 different transition metals (TMs) (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pd, and Pt). Attention was done in searching for the most stable configurations, deformation, calculating the formation energies, and exploring the effects of the doping concentration of nitrogen and pyridine-like nitrogenated defects on the electronic properties of the nanotubes. Also, calculating the corresponding binding energies and effects of chemical functionalization of TMs on the electronic and magnetic properties of the nanotubes has been made. We found out that the electronic properties of SWCNT can be effectively modified in various ways, which are strongly dependent not only on the concentration of the adsorbed nitrogen but also to the configuration of the adsorbed nitrogen impurities, the pyridine-like nitrogenated defects, and the TMs absorbed; due to the strong interaction between the d orbitals of TMs and the p orbitals of N atoms, the binding strengths of TMs with the two 3NV-CNxNT are significantly enhanced when compared to the pure SWCNTs.

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“…The presence of 4ND defects in CNT, suggests that the reactivity might be greatly enhanced compared to the pure CNT. 16,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The introduction of new levels close to the Fermi level with nitrogen doping can change the sensibility of CNT to different kinds of molecules. 16,20,21 Modification of the electronic and magnetic properties of CNT can also typically be effectively modified through chemical decoration of transition metals (TMs), [29][30][31] which greatly expands the potential application areas of CNT, such as improving the sensitivities of chemical sensors, developing spintronic devices or catalysts and providing higher reactive sites for hydrogen gas storages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen adsorption of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes functionalized with 3d-block transition metals

Mananghaya

2015

J Chem Sci

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A systematic study of the most stable configurations, calculation of the corresponding binding and free energies of functionalized 3d transition metals (TMs) on (10,0) Single Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) doped with porphyrin-like nitrogen defects (4ND-CN x NT) using spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) formalism with flavours of LDA and GGA exchange-correlation (XC) functionals has been made. A thorough analysis showed that the electronic and magnetic properties of SWCNT are dependent on the TMs absorbed wherein, the composite material TM/4ND-CN x NT can act as a medium for storing hydrogen at room temperature manifested through favourable adsorption energy.

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Highly stable Pt and PtPd hybrid catalysts supported on a nitrogen-modified carbon composite for fuel cell application

Cited by 98 publications

References 49 publications

Importance of non-intrinsic platinum dissolution in Pt/C composite fuel cell catalysts

Importance of non-intrinsic platinum dissolution in Pt/C composite fuel cell catalysts

Carbon Nanotubes Doped with Nitrogen, Pyridine-like Nitrogen Defects, and Transition Metal Atoms

Hydrogen adsorption of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes functionalized with 3d-block transition metals

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