Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Strain Sensors Using Fragmentized Graphene Foam

Jeong, Yu Ra; Park, Heun; Jin, Sang Woo; Hong, Soo Yeong; Lee, Sang Soo; Ha, Jeong Sook

doi:10.1002/adfm.201501000

Cited by 593 publications

(380 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This feature allows the strain sensor to bear the strain with minimized microstructural fracture, indicated by the closed loop of relative resistance change ΔR/R 0 (ΔR: variation of electrical resistance, R 0 : electrical resistance under no strain) as function of strain even at 10000th cycle ( Figure S2). It is principally different from the contact area variation resulted from the in-plane slippery of conductive materials (eg, CNTs, 19,21 graphene, 27,31,32 and nanowire 34,36 ) as shown in the previous reports ( Figure 2C). Due to the lack of three-dimensional structural coordination, the deformation cannot be recovered based on the random generation of the touching position and upon strain releasing.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…C, The schematic of graphene "slide-rheostat" and in-plane slippery of graphene sheets. TEM, transmission electron microscope described in the previous studies, because of the lack of the three-dimensional structural coordination, the distance between the conductive materials and the outer polymer 26,32 or the cracking propagation 30 was always occurred to the structure upon the loading/unloading, giving rise to the irreversible increase of "R 0 " or "current" (seen as the big gap/shift in their values between the loading and unloading), which is indeed the general problem for limited stability raised from the structural design of devices by far. In contrast, our "slide rheostat" design of our material ensures the cyclic variation of electrical resistance based on the local slippage, giving rise to the almost full recovery of relative resistance change (ΔR/R 0 ) to the initial state ( Figure S2a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One possible solution is to mix graphene with super‐elastic rubber, which could be stretched to 800% with the gauge factor of 35; however, the cyclability (10 3 cycles) is still rather limited . Other attempts include integrating graphene into polymeric fibers or constructing graphene sheets into fragments, resulting in improved performance (up to 10 4 cycles at the strain of 50%). Recently, the configuration of fish‐scale‐like graphene in two‐dimensional mode realized 5000 cycles stability at the strain of 10%, yet failed to demonstrate high‐strain (>60%) cycle stability due to the lack of structural coordination .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various active materials, including carbon nanotubes (CNT), 6,[18][19][20][21] graphene, [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] nanoparticle, 33 nanowires, [34][35][36] and conducting polymers 10,15,37,38 have emerged as promising candidate for strain sensors fabrication. Compressible strain sensors made from ultrathin film of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), 6 graphene/polyimide composite foam, 22 and polyurethane nanofibers 38 have been fabricated, and the ultrasensitivity to detect the pressure lower than 1 Pa has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A graphene rheostat for highly durable and stretchable strain sensor

Ren

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2019

InfoMat

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Strain sensors for human health monitoring are of paramount importance in wearable medical diagnostics and personal health monitoring. Despite extensive studies, strain sensors with both high durability and stretchability are still desired, particularly with the stability for different environmental conditions. Here, we report a series of strain sensors possessing the graphene network with a high density of intermittent physical interconnections, which produces the relative resistance change by varying the overlap area between the neighboring graphene sheets under stretching and releasing, analogous to the slide rheostat working in electronics. Our in‐situ transmission electron microscope observation reveals the full recoverability of the structure from large deformation upon unloading for ensuring the exceptional cycle stability of our material on monitoring full‐range body movements. The stable response is also demonstrated over wide temperature range and frequency range, because the peculiar dynamic structure can be maintained through the self‐adjustment to the thermal expansion of the bulk material. Based on the working mechanism of graphene “slide rheostat,” the sensing properties of the strain sensor are tailored by tuning the graphene network structure with different mass densities using different concentrations of graphene oxide dispersion, while the stretchability and sensitivity can be separately optimized for different application requirements.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A graphene rheostat for highly durable and stretchable strain sensor

Ren

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2019

InfoMat

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“…16f) due to the fractured microstructures in the sponge. Graphene foams synthesized by CVD were reported to be applicable to fabricate flexible strain sensors with desirable GF [270], which could be attached on human body for monitoring body movements and pulses.…”

Section: Graphene-based Monoliths For Flexible Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced carbon materials for flexible and wearable sensors

et al. 2017

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Flexible and wearable sensors have drawn extensive concern due to their wide potential applications in wearable electronics and intelligent robots. Flexible sensors with high sensitivity, good flexibility, and excellent stability are highly desirable for monitoring human biomedical signals, movements and the environment. The active materials and the device structures are the keys to achieve high performance. Carbon nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, carbon black and carbon nanofibers, are one of the most commonly used active materials for the fabrication of high-performance flexible sensors due to their superior properties. Especially, CNTs and graphene can be assembled into various multi-scaled macroscopic structures, including one dimensional fibers, two dimensional films and three dimensional architectures, endowing the facile design of flexible sensors for wide practical applications. In addition, the hybrid structured carbon materials derived from natural bio-materials also showed a bright prospect for applications in flexible sensors. This review provides a comprehensive presentation of flexible and wearable sensors based on the above various carbon materials. Following a brief introduction of flexible sensors and carbon materials, the fundamentals of typical flexible sensors, such as strain sensors, pressure sensors, temperature sensors and humidity sensors, are presented. Then, the latest progress of flexible sensors based on carbon materials, including the fabrication processes, performance and applications, are summarized. Finally, the remaining major challenges of carbon-based flexible electronics are discussed and the future research directions are proposed. [56,57], have been used as the active components for the fabrication of flexible sensors. Among these materials, metal NPs can be used to fabricate flexible sensors with high sensitivity, but the sensing range and stretchability of these sensors are limited [58]. Besides, due to the limited chemical stability and reproducibility of metal nanowires, it is challenging to fabricate stable sensors using metal nanowires [10]. Similarly, conductive polymers with poor stability and conductivity are also difficult to be used for the fabrication of high-performance sensors [59]. In contrast, carbon materials are one of the most commonly investigated materials, especially CNTs and graphene (including graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO)), due to their remarkable mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. To implement macroscopic applications, CNTs and graphene with superior properties in microscopic level should be converted into macroscopic functional assemblies, such as one dimensional (1D) fibers or yarns [60,61], two dimensional (2D) films or sheets [62,63], three dimensional (3D) architectures [64][65][66] (Fig. 1). The multi-scaled macroscopic carbon nanomaterials endow the flexible sensors with high sensitivity, excellent flexibility and good stability as well as desired configurations. Also, lo...

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Flexible Health‐Monitoring Devices/Sensors

Lim

2018

Flexible and Stretchable Medical Devices

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Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Strain Sensors Using Fragmentized Graphene Foam

Cited by 593 publications

References 55 publications

A graphene rheostat for highly durable and stretchable strain sensor

A graphene rheostat for highly durable and stretchable strain sensor

Advanced carbon materials for flexible and wearable sensors

Flexible Health‐Monitoring Devices/Sensors

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