Diamonds have substantial hardness and durability, but attempting to deform diamonds usually results in brittle fracture. We demonstrate ultralarge, fully reversible elastic deformation of nanoscale (~300 nanometers) single-crystalline and polycrystalline diamond needles. For single-crystalline diamond, the maximum tensile strains (up to 9%) approached the theoretical elastic limit, and the corresponding maximum tensile stress reached ~89 to 98 gigapascals. After combining systematic computational simulations and characterization of pre- and postdeformation structural features, we ascribe the concurrent high strength and large elastic strain to the paucity of defects in the small-volume diamond nanoneedles and to the relatively smooth surfaces compared with those of microscale and larger specimens. The discovery offers the potential for new applications through optimized design of diamond nanostructure, geometry, elastic strains, and physical properties.
Perovskite solar cells have emerged as one of the most promising thin-film photovoltaic (PV) technologies and have made a strong debut in the PV field. However, they still face difficulties with up-scaling to module-level devices and long-term stability issue. Here, we report the use of a room-temperature nonvolatile Lewis base additive, diphenyl sulfoxide(DPSO), in formamidinium-cesium (FACs) perovskite precursor solution to enhance the nucleation barrier and stabilize the wet precursor film for the scalable fabrication of uniform, large-area FACs perovskite films. With a parallel-interconnected module design, the resultant solar module realized a certified quasi-stabilized efficiency of 16.63% with an active area of 20.77 cm2. The encapsulated modules maintained 97 and 95% of their initial efficiencies after 10,000 and 1187 hours under day/night cycling and 1-sun equivalent white-light light-emitting diode array illumination with maximum power point tracking at 50°C, respectively.
Supercapacitors supply high power densities but suffer from low energy densities and small specific capacitances. The design and implementation of unique capacitor electrodes are expected to overcome these challenges. Herein, flexible diamond fibers (a fibrous core/shell structure of diamond/carbon fibers) are produced through overgrowing conductive carbon fibers core with a thin boron‐doped diamond film as a shell using a chemical vapor deposition technique. The resultant fibers combine the properties of boron‐doped diamond with those of carbon fibers. This allows these binder‐free diamond fibers to be employed as the positive electrode in the fabrication of zinc‐ion supercapacitors. Together with a negative electrode fabricated from zinc nanosheet coated diamond fibers, this diamond supercapacitor delivers a high and stable specific capacitance. More importantly, it delivers high gravimetric and volumetric energy and power densities, even under severe bending states. The performance of this flexible supercapacitor is superior to previous diamond and carbon fiber‐based supercapacitors. Such flexible diamond supercapacitors are promising energy storage devices for various flexible electronics.
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