Hindgut Bacterial Flora Analysis in Oriental Honey Buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus)

Nagai, Kazuya; Tokita, Ken Ichi; Ono, Hirotake; Uchida, Kiyoshi; Sakamoto, Fumio; Higuchi, Hiroyoshi

doi:10.2108/zs180121

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the lesser kestrel cloacal microbiome harbours a larger relative abundance of Actinobacteria and a lower one of Firmicutes compared to the other raptor species that were sampled both in captivity and in natural conditions. Indeed, the most represented phyla among all the raptor species for which a microbiome description is available were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes ( Nagai et al, 2019 ; Oliveira et al, 2020 ; Zhou et al, 2020 ). Although some of these latter studies were performed on fecal microbiomes, qualitative similarities among the microbiomes of raptors were expected because of several potential, non-mutually exclusive, mechanisms related to phylogeny, diet and nesting habits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mainly insectivorous species, such as the lesser kestrel, a strong energetic cost is imposed by the indigestibility of the energy-rich carbohydrate chitin; in vertebrates, chitinolytic activity originates from endogenous enzymes, but can also be enhanced by enzymes produced by gut microorganisms ( Šimůnek et al, 2001 ). It was therefore possible to envisage a convergence between the microbiomes of the lesser kestrel and of the oriental honey buzzard ( Pernis ptilorhynchus ), a medium-sized raptor that mainly feeds on adults, larvae, pupae and combs of social hymenopterans ( Nagai et al, 2019 ). However, the gut microbiota of the oriental honey buzzard was characterized by a high abundance of Firmicutes (and not of Actinobacteria as in the lesser kestrel), such as other carnivorous raptors ( Oliveira et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, raptors (orders Accipitriformes, Falconiformes and Strigiformes) are poorly represented. Indeed, to date, very few descriptions of raptor gut microbiomes have been published ( Colston & Jackson, 2016 ; Nagai et al, 2019 ; Guan et al, 2020 ; Oliveira et al, 2020 ; Song et al, 2020 ; Zhou et al, 2020 ), mainly carried out on animals reared in captivity or admitted to wildlife rescue centers. However, it is likely that the gut microbiome of those animals was altered due to illnesses, trauma, medications, and/or captive rearing conditions ( Oliveira et al, 2020 ) and, as a consequence, that their microbiome differs as compared to that of their wild conspecifics ( Trevelline et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The cloacal microbiome of a cavity-nesting raptor, the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni)

Costanzo

Ambrosini

Franzetti

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background Microbial communities are found on any part of animal bodies exposed to the environment, and are particularly prominent in the gut, where they play such a major role in the host metabolism and physiology to be considered a “second genome”. These communities, collectively known as “microbiome”, are well studied in humans and model species, while studies on wild animals have lagged behind. This is unfortunate, as different studies suggested the central role of the gut microbiome in shaping the evolutionary trajectories of species and their population dynamics. Among bird species, only few descriptions of raptor gut microbiomes are available, and mainly carried out on captive individuals. Objectives In this study, we aimed at improving the knowledge of raptor microbiomes by providing the first description of the gut microbiome of the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni), a cavity-nesting raptor. Results The gut microbiome of the lesser kestrel was dominated by Actinobacteria (83.9%), Proteobacteria (8.6%) and Firmicutes (4.3%). We detected no differences in microbiome composition between males and females. Furthermore, the general composition of the microbiome appears similar to that of phylogenetically distant cavity-nesting species. Conclusions Our results broaden the knowledge of raptor gut microbial communities and let us hypothesize that the distinct nest environment in terms of microclimate and presence of organic material from previous breeding attempts, to which cavity-nesting species that reuse the nest are exposed, might be an important driver shaping microbiomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The cloacal microbiome of a cavity-nesting raptor, the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni)

Costanzo

Ambrosini

Franzetti

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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“…Captivity is presently known to affect gut and oral microbiome diversity in birds of prey when compared to their wild counterparts, with observable changes within just one month of direct human contact, and diet is being pointed to as the main factor responsible for alterations in the oral microbiome [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ]. For example, studies have shown that birds who are fed chicken are linked to a wider diversity of Gram-negative bacteria [ 66 ], and that the diet commonly provided to captive animals increases the levels of Salmonella in falcons [ 65 ].…”

Section: Bacteria Found In Captive Birds Of Preymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main hypothesis presented for the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in these birds is the contamination of the food given to these individuals, with day-old chicks, rabbits, and mice being the most mentioned food items [ 27 , 32 , 33 , 45 , 71 ]. Other factors may be the frequent shift of birds between enclosures inside the same facility or even their exchange between zoos [ 60 ].…”

Section: Bacteria Found In Captive Birds Of Preymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Potential of Bacterial Species from Captive Birds of Prey—Consequences of Falconry for Public Health

Magalhães,

Tavares,

Oliveira

2024

Animals

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Falconry has been practiced for thousands of years and is nowadays frequently employed in activities such as pest control, hunting, falcon racing, and environmental education. Antimicrobial resistance levels have risen in the past years, constituting an emerging global problem with a direct impact on public health. Besides both topics being studied on their own, information on the role of captive birds of prey in the potential dissemination of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance determinants of bacterial origin is scarce. Multidrug-resistant bacteria, including some extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers, have already been found in several captive birds of prey. Most of the virulence factors found in captive raptors’ bacteria were related to adherence and invasion abilities, toxin production, and flagella. These birds may acquire these bacteria through contaminated raw food and the exchange of animals between keepers and zoological facilities. More studies are required to confirm the role of captive birds of prey in disseminating resistant bacteria and on the routes of interaction between synanthropic species and humans.

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Captive Breeding and Trichomonas gallinae Alter the Oral Microbiome of Bonelli’s Eagle Chicks

et al. 2022

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Bonelli’s eagle (Aquila fasciata) is an endangered raptor species in Europe, and trichomonosis is one of the menaces affecting chicks at nest. In this paper, we attempt to describe the oral microbiome of Bonelli’s eagle nestlings and evaluate the influence of several factors, such as captivity breeding, Trichomonas gallinae infection, and the presence of lesions at the oropharynx. The core oral microbiome of Bonelli’s eagle is composed of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria as the most abundant phyla, and Megamonas and Bacteroides as the most abundant genera. None of the factors analysed showed a significant influence on alfa diversity, but beta diversity was affected for some of them. Captivity breeding exerted a high influence on the composition of the oral microbiome, with significant differences in the four most abundant phyla, with a relative increase of Proteobacteria and a decrease of the other three phyla in comparison with chicks bred at nest. Some genera were more abundant in captivity bred chicks, such as Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Corynebacterium, Clostridium and Staphylococcus, while Bacteroides, Oceanivirga, Peptostreptococcus, Gemella, Veillonella, Mycoplasma, Suttonella, Alloscardovia, Varibaculum and Campylobacter were more abundant in nest raised chicks. T. gallinae infection slightly influenced the composition of the microbiome, but chicks displaying trichomonosis lesions had a higher relative abundance of Bacteroides and Gemella, being the last one an opportunistic pathogen of abscess complications in humans. Raptor’s microbiomes are scarcely studied. This is the first study on the factors that influence the oral microbiome of Bonelli’s eagle.

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Hindgut Bacterial Flora Analysis in Oriental Honey Buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus)

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

The cloacal microbiome of a cavity-nesting raptor, the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni)

The cloacal microbiome of a cavity-nesting raptor, the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni)

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Potential of Bacterial Species from Captive Birds of Prey—Consequences of Falconry for Public Health

Captive Breeding and Trichomonas gallinae Alter the Oral Microbiome of Bonelli’s Eagle Chicks

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